2014年考研英语：阅读基础训练题（三）
2014年考研英语：阅读基础训练题（三）
Text 3
Old people are always saying that the young are not what they were. The same comment is made from generation to generation and it is always true. It has never been truer than it is today. The young are better educated； they have a lot more money to spend and enjoy more freedom. They grow up more quickly and are not so dependent on their parents. They think more for themselves and do not blindly accept the ideals of their elders. Events which the older generation remembers vividly are nothing more than past history. This is as it should be. Every new generation is different from the one that preceded it. Today the difference is very marked indeed. The old always assume that they know best for the simple reason that they have been around a bit longer. They don't like to feel that their values are being questioned or threatened. And this is precisely what the young are doing. They are questioning the assumptions of their elders and disturbing their sense of feeling contended. They doubt that the older generation has created the best of all possible worlds.
What they reject more than anything is conformity. Office hours， for instance， are nothing more than enforced slavery. Wouldn't people work best if they were given complete freedom and responsibility? And what about clothing? Who said that all the men in the world should wear dull gray suits and convict haircuts? If we turn our minds to more serious matters， who said that human differences can best be solved through conventional politics or by violent means? Why have the older generation so often used violence to solve their problems? Why are they so unhappy and guilt-ridden in their personal lives； so obsessed with mean ambitions and the desire to amass more and more material possessions? Can anything be right with the rat-race? Haven't the old lost touch with all that is important in life?
These are not questions the older generation can shrug off lightly. Their record over the past forty years or so hasn't been exactly spotless. Traditionally， the young have turned to the older for guidance. Today， the situation might be reversed. The old-if they are prepared to admit it-could learn a thing or two from their children. One of the biggest lessons they could learn is that enjoyment is not sinful. Enjoyment is a principle one could apply to all aspects of life. It is surely not wrong to enjoy your work and enjoy your leisure； to shed restricting inhibitions. It is surely not wrong to live in the present rather than in the past or future. The world is full of uncertainty and tension. This is their glorious heritage. Can we be surprised that they should so often question the sanity of the generation that passed it down?
31. Which of the following features in the young is NOT mentioned?
[A] Better educated
[B] More money and freedom.
[C] Greater independence.
[D] Respect for work.
32. What do the young have an attitude for?
[A] The differences between the old and young.
[B] The assumption of the old generation.
[C] The emphasis on violence as a solution to social problems.
[D] The social conventions that they are expected to follow.
33. Why do the young stress on the present because .
[A] the past is full of sanity that should be done with
[B] the present is more secure than the past
[C] the present world is substantial and sustaining
[D] the present is made up of a glorious heritage
34. What can the old learn from the young generation?
[A] Enjoyment is not despicable for what it is
[B] People should have more time for leisure.
[C] It is a blessing that people can learn to enjoy life
[D] One should break free of the restrictions that life imposes
35. How do the young think about office hours?
[A] They are more painful than enforced slavery
[B] They are happier than enforced slavery
[C] They are almost as painful as enforced slavery
[D] They are the most painful enforced slavery
Text 3
文章概要：年轻人不同于年长者，他们得到更好的教育，享受更多的自由，他们独立，讨厌顺从。年长者可以从他们的子女身上学到两样东西：一是享乐无罪，二是把快乐的原则应用到生活的各个方面。
31. [答案] D细节理解题。题干中的"the young"出自原文第一段第四句话。文章第一段指出：年轻人得到更好的教育；他们有更多的钱花，享受更多的自由；他们的成长更迅速，不那么依赖父母；他们更多地考虑自己，不盲目认可长辈的理想。显然应选项D，"尊重工作"没有提到。
32. [答案] D细节理解题。问题问年轻人反感什么。作者在第二段第一句就说，年轻人最讨厌的就是顺从。接着还列举了种种年轻人质疑的社会习俗。因此D正确。
33. [答案] C细节理解题。作者在文章最后一段里指出：年轻人认为生活在现在而不是过去或将来肯定不是错误的，因为这个世界充满了紧张和不确定性。故C正确。
34. [答案] A细节理解题。作者在最后一段中间部分指出，年长者可以从他们的子女身上学到两样东西，一是享乐无罪，二是可以把快乐的原则应用到生活的各个方面。因此A正确。
35. [答案] C细节理解题。文章第二段讲到，工作时间对他们来说不过是强加的苦役。如果赋予人们完全的自由与责任，难道他们不会最出色地完成工作吗?换句话来说，工作时间与强加的苦役一样。故C正确。
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