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2014年考研英语二预测试题(一)答案解析

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  1 [答案]B
 
  [解析]本题测试词义搭配。本句译文:领导艺术的一个最重要的因素是吸引力。这不是指普通意义上的吸引力,因为那是一种我们无法控制的天生的品质。beyond one’s control意为无法控制,在控制力之外 be in control of意为持有对……的控制力under control意为……的控制之下,得到控制
 
  2 [答案]C
 
  [解析]本题测试同义词辨析。本句译文:然而,领导者必须是一块磁石,一位能把他人吸引到身边的中心人物。draw to/towards意为吸引drag意为拖拽,(工作、时间)缓慢而协调地进行haul意为用力拖拉unite意为联合
 
  3 [答案]D
 
  [解析]本题测试惯用搭配。考查词组depend on
 
  4 [答案]C
 
  [解析]本题测试词义搭配。本句译文:在紧闭的门后施展权威,体现不出领导能力。exercise authorityuse authority)意为行使权威recognize意为认出respect意为尊敬
 
  5 [答案]A
 
  [解析]本题测试结构搭配。where引导一个地点状语从句,其他选项不符合句意。
 
  6 [答案]B
 
  [解析]本题测试逻辑性词义搭配。本句译文:他必须是一个传奇人物、奇闻轶事(不管是真是假)的中心主题、一个重要角色。subject意为主题
 
  7 [答案]C
 
  [解析]本题测试逻辑性词义搭配。or表示前后词的意思并列,在这应互为反义词,所以选false。注意:wrongright对应;badgood对应。
 
  8 [答案]B
 
  [解析]本题测试惯用搭配。本句译文:最简单的策略之一是在众人期盼的场合下缺席,这足以引起谣言,谈论到底是什么重要的事把领导耽搁住了。on the occasion意为……场合下/情况下
 
  9 [答案]D
 
  [解析]本题测试逻辑性词义搭配。译文:当某领导被大家……的时候,他缺席了,这足以引起谣言,揣测他耽搁的原因。所以是领导“该出席没出席”,只能选expect“期待,盼望refuse意为拒绝suspect意为怀疑expel意为驱逐,三个选项均不合题意。
 
  10 [答案]A
 
  [解析]本题测试句法分析。后面的定语从句修饰the vital business,而从句中缺少一个主语,因此只能选择whichwhenwhere分别表示时间和地点,作状语不能作主语;what不能引导定语从句。
 
  11 [答案]B
 
  [解析]本题测试惯用搭配。本句译文:为了补偿这次缺席的影响,他在最意想不到的场合出现,引起另一轮关于他的兴趣的猜测,人们会认为他在其他人认为琐碎的事情上显示出兴趣。make up for意为补偿;弥补
 
  12 [答案]B
 
  [解析]本题测试惯用搭配。display/show/express interest in sth意为……显示出兴趣
 
  13 [答案]C
 
  [解析]本题测试词义搭配。view sthasregard sthas)意为……认为/当作……”。其他选项在搭配上均错。注意错误选项B,当变成think of…as时与regard…as同义。
 
  14 [答案]C
 
  [解析]本题测试逻辑性词义搭配。相关译文:此领导具有激发他人好奇心的天赋,但不愿谈论自己。他的兴趣显然在别人身上:他向下属提问,鼓励他们交谈,然后记住所有的相关信息。”inspire意为激励curiosity意为好奇心possess意为拥有decrease意为减少,均不符合题意。urge意为力劝;驱策,与上文的语气不符。
 
  15 [答案]D
 
  [解析]本题测试逻辑性词义搭配。由上文“这位领导不愿意谈论自己”分析出此句为“他的兴趣在他人”。只有plainly意为显然地为正确答案。scarcely意为简直不/一定不obscurely意为模糊地,含糊难解地
 
  16 [答案]B
 
  [解析]本题测试结构搭配。在定语从句中,先行词为特殊词时,后面只能用关系代词that引导,不用which,所以that为正确答案。
 
  17 [答案]C
 
  [解析]本题测试结构搭配。相关译文:直到他在头脑中已经整理好了在场每个人的微型档案后才会离开人群,确信知道下次再遇到他们时要讲什么。
 
  18 [答案]B
 
  [解析]本题测试逻辑性词义搭配。前面已提到“他记住所有他人的相关信息,所以选与之对应的everyone头脑中形成在场每个人的微型档案
 
  19 [答案]D
 
  [解析]本题测试结构搭配。D正确,what是兼为先行词的关系代词,等于the things which
 
  20 [答案]C
 
  [解析]本题测试结构搭配。本句译文:他骨子里是一位具有外向性格的人,但是他宁愿多听取他人的想法,而不是自己喋喋不休。“would rather…than…”意为宁可……也不……” PartⅡReading Comprehension
 
  SectionA
 
  21 [答案]C
 
  [解析]主旨大意题。
 
  22 [答案]B
 
  [解析]文章第二段提到conversation gives way to the parents’ efforts to control the loud noise they make故正确答案应该选择B
 
  23 [答案]B
 
  [解析]文章第三段提到 Lewis found that in families with three or four children dinner conversation is likely to center on the oldest child who has the most to talk about and the youngest who needs the most attention可以看出老大和老小都是谈话的焦点,只有中间的孩子是被人忽视的。
 
  24 [答案]D
 
  [解析]推理判断题。Lewis的研究表明中间的孩子不受重视,可以推断出这对他们将来的生活会造成一定的影响。
 
  25 [答案]C
 
  [解析]对错判断题。A原文没有提到,BD可以用排除法排除。
 
  Passage2
 
  26 [答案]A
 
  [解析]细节题。从文章第二段The crime begins with a telephone message to the owner of a stolen car if you want the car back pay up then the car owner is directed to a park told where to find a bird cage and how to attach money to the neck of the pigeon inside Carrying the money in a tiny bag the pigeon flies off可以选出正确答案。
 
  27 [答案]D
 
  [解析]考点:短语理解题。
 
  28 [答案]B
 
  [解析]文章第三段提到Police officer Chen says that the criminal probably has pulled a double trick he gets money for things he cannot possibly return故正确答案应该选择B
 
  29 [答案]D
 
  [解析]考点:代词的指代。按照就近原则去找。前面提到Demands for pigeondelivered money故正确答案应该选择D
 
  30 [答案]A
 
  [解析]文章第三段提到Instead of stealing cars he lets someone else do it and then waits for the carowner to place an ad (启事) in the newspaper asking for help故正确答案应该选择A
 
  passage3
 
  31 [答案]B
 
  [解析]从文章首段首句Last August Joe and Mary Mahoney began looking at colleges for their 17yearold daughter可以看出正确答案。
 
  32 [答案]C
 
  [解析]文章第四段提到But getting accurate information isn’t easy Colleges must report crime statistics by law but some hold back for fear of bad publicity leaving the honest ones looking dangerous可以看出正确选项。
 
  33 [答案]C
 
  [解析]考点:词汇题。做题原则:一一把选项带入原文。
 
  34 [答案]B
 
  [解析]细节推理判断题。
 
  35 [答案]D
 
  [解析]主旨大意题。Safety是本篇文章的中心词。
 
  Passage4
 
  36 [答案]A
 
  [解析]词汇题。根据上下文是她可能会得到这个奖赏,be in line for 意为有可能获得……”
 
  37 [答案]B
 
  [解析]事实细节题。第四段“The alarm had been raised because Vicki became suspicious (怀疑) of the guest who checked in at 3 pm the day before New Year’s Eve with little luggage and wearing sunglasses and a hat pulled down over his face ” She said “He didn’t seem to want to talk too much and make any eye contact (接触).中综述了Vicki认为的所有的疑点,选项CD只是片面的。
 
  38 [答案]C
 
  [解析]事实细节题。根据第六段‘Would you go and make yourself known to the armed officers outside?’可知警察已经到了,因此选项C为正确答案。
 
  39 [答案]A
 
  [解析]事实细节题。根据最后一段Vicki “I could not see into the man’s room but I could see the passage … Then suddenly he must have come out because they shouted for him to lie down while he was handcuffed (带上手铐).
 
  40 [答案]C
 
  [解析]事实细节题。通过第四段可找到Bieber进宾馆的时间是3pm,根据倒数第三段可知警察到达的时间是凌晨210分,因此正确答案为C
 
  SectionB
 
  [参考译文]
 
  研究者们最近发现治疗人类突发性疾病的药对于延长人类的寿命也有帮助。研究者们对蛔虫使用了这种药,结果发现蛔虫的寿命增加了50%。使用蛔虫作为研究对象是非常有意义的,因为蛔虫在很多重要方面与人类都颇为相似,尤其是在基因和蛋白质的构成方面。研究中使用的药物已经在人类的实际生活中被使用过了,特别是抗癫痫药。这种药同样也会增加蛔虫的神经肌肉活动,研究者们认为这种活动与延缓衰老同样有着某种联系。
 
  41 [答案]E
 
  [解析]空前文字提出了文章的主题,也就是概括性地介绍了文章的内容:一项研究表明治疗人类突发性疾病的药物能延缓虫子的衰老,由于人类的分子结构与虫子相似,所以有可能这种药物也能延缓人类的衰老。只有选项E继续概括性地介绍了文章的内容:这项研究同样也表明神经肌肉活动与衰老有关系
 
  42 [答案]F
 
  [解析]空前文字概括介绍了Evason的实验,只有选项F非常清楚地描述了实验对象,并说明为什么使用这个实验对象的原因。这实际上都是介绍实验的一部分。
 
  43 [答案]B
 
  [解析]空前文字一直提到实验的进程和结果,选项B进一步提到了这次实验的结果。同现原则,这一空的正确选项应该是B
 
  44 [答案]A
 
  [解析]空前文字提到:有理由相信这种实验结论对更高级的动物,如人类,也同样适用。所以这一空应该继续谈到实验结果对人类究竟是不是适用的问题。选项A提到:但是科学家们目前还不知道究竟对人类是不是适用,除非也在人类身上做相同的实验。显然,选项A最合适。
 
  45 [答案]D
 
  [解析]空前文字提到了另一个问题:神经肌肉活动与延缓衰老的问题;只有选项D继续提到了这个问题,所以选D
 
  选项C:该选项指出:蛔虫实际上并不是理想的实验对象,因为蛔虫不是人类,尽管两者分子结构相同。”显然,这个选项与原文主旨完全背离。连实验对象都是错误的话,文章的结论就更加不可能是正确的。这个选项应该排除。
 
  选项G:该选项指出:这种药物已经用于延缓人类衰老了,虽然还需要更多的证据来证明这种药物真的会起作用。这种论点显然是不对的;没有做过实验怎么能够就冒然使用呢?而且与文中提到的目前还没有在人类身上做实验这一点完全相左。这个选项也是明显的干扰选项。 PartⅢ Translation
 
  [范文]
 
  上周日,中国中央银行行长周小川表示,如果有必要,中国将考虑扩大人民币的交易区间。
 
  周小川在南非开普敦召开的20国集团会议上说,调整人民币浮动汇率区间决定于世界经济形势,而且这也不是国家增强货币弹性的唯一工具。
 
  五月,中国人民币对美元汇率的日波幅从±0 3%扩大到±0 5%
 
  然而,市场观察家认为,各商业性银行服从中央银行的命令将从下周起加强外汇储备。这将影响市场对美元的需求,在未来一段时间内缓和人民币对美元汇率的升值速度。
 
  PartⅣ Writing
 
  Section A
 
  [范文]
 
  March 12 2004
 
  Dear Sir
 
  I read with interest your advertisement in the Communications of the ACM for the position of Director of the new ComputerAided Learning Center being set up by Ray Conwell Co., Inc RCC has a reputation for producing highquality products such as the Mandolin Network System I am interested in joining such a professional organization
 
  As you can see from the enclosed resume my previous work has included supervision of software product development as well as extensive work in computeraided learning Although my educational training concentrated on theoretical computer science my current interests lie more in applications of computer science principles to produce viable products
 
  My years of studying and teaching in the university setting have given me a good knowledge of pedagogical process I look forward to the opportunity to apply this in the development of a stateoftheart CAL system My previous experience in systems design work makes me confident that I could make a valuable contribution to Ray Conwell Co., Inc
 
  I am looking forward to your reply
 
  Sincerely Yours
 
  Merwin D Kresh
 
  Section B
 
  [范文]
 
  From the pie chart we see health care expenditures in USA in 1999 which consists of seven parts hospital care physician service program administration and insurance costs nursing care dental service drug and medical expenses and others
 
  As we may see from this chart hospital care takes the greatest portion of the whole health care expenditures accounting for 40% of the total sum Physician services ranks the second closely following hospital care taking up 20% $110 billion of the total sum of $550 billion The other expenditures include nursing care dental service drug and medical expenses program Administration and insurance costs and other expenditures
 
  This chart shows clearly the Americans just like people elsewhere in the world take more attention to the welfare directly concerning their health they spend a major part 60% of their health care expenditures on hospital care and physician services Nursing care ranks the third preceding drug and medical expenses which seems to be different from what exist in most third word countries for example in China where drug and medical expenses account for a major part of the total health care expenditures In my opinion the labor force is much more expensive in the US than in the third world countries and that is why nursing care costs more than quite a few items do220 words
 
 
 
 
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