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考研英语（一）模拟题（完形填空4）

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2016-07-04 17:05:00
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Things in the henhouse changed practically overnight when McDonald’s announced in 1999 that it would no longer buy eggs from producers who didn’t meet its guidelines for care of chickens. Those guidelines included limiting the __1__ of birds that could be kept in one__2__and prohibiting beak removal,__3__trimming just the tips.

Once McDonald’s had __4__the way in issuing animal care guidelines for the company’s suppliers, many other giants of the fast-food industry rapidly followed __5__, including Burger King, Taco Bell, Pizza Hut, Wendy’s, A and W and KFC. Now, the American Meat Institute has __6__ welfare guidelines and audit __7__for cattle, pigs, and chickens. And the European Union, representing our foreign customers, is also __8__ in with, among other things, legislation banning. __9__ use of crates to house pregnant sows, __10__ in 2013.

Questions about animal care __11__ with the explosive growth in large-scale livestock farms,__12__spurred customers to complain about animals being treated as “factory parts”. That spurred ARS and the livestock industry to take a proactive approach to addressing animal__13__issues, making sure that guidelines are based on facts __14__ through scientific research. The goal is to share research findings with the retail food industry and others so that the livestock industry can improve its __15__ guidelines.

Ten years ago, to__16__ these concerns, ARS started a research program on livestock behavior and stress. The scientists involved were tasked with finding out whether modern farming practices were__17__stressing animals. And if so, could scientific methods be developed to measure this stress so that__18__could be evaluated objectively rather than subjectively?

A decade later, the__19__answer is “yes” to both questions, Many had expected the answer to be “no” on both counts, but science works independently__20__people’s opinions.

1. A. amountB. number C. figureD. sum

2. A. cageB. caveC. caseD. cart

3. A. but forB. except forC. aside fromD. away from

4. A. pavedB. changedC. ledD. opened

5. A. suitB. stepC. setD. super

6. A. adaptedB. adopted C. approvedD. accepted

7. A. bookletsB. pamphletsC. brochuresD. checklists

8. A. measuringB. weighingC. consideringD. thinking

9. A. prolongedB. proceededC. programmedD. progressed

10. A. efficientB. effectiveC. effusiveD. elective

11. A. raisedB. roseC. aroseD. pose

12. A. who B. whatC. whichD. how

13. A. health B. lifeC. wealthD welfare

14. A. decidedB. determinedC. provedD. tested

15. A. voluntaryB. revolutionaryC. preliminaryD. necessary

16. A. expressB. addressC. suppress D. compress

17. A. unduly B. unequallyC. unfortunatelyD. unfavorably

18. A. performancesB. programsC. problems D. practices

19. A. sequentialB. initialC. essentialD. financial

20. A. ofB. onC. byD. with

1.【答案】B

【解析】amount指不可数名词的“数量”，number指可数名词的“数目”，figure指一个“数字”，sum多指钱的“数量”。这里指家禽数目，是可数名词，因此答案是B。

2.【答案】A

【解析】cage意为“笼子”，是和文中的bird搭配唯一恰当的词，cave“洞穴”，case“箱子”和cart“人力车”都不可和bird搭配使句意通畅，所以选A。

3.【答案】B

【解析】but for是“若非，要不是”，except for是“除了，只是”，aside from是“除…以外”，away from是“离开”。原文的意思是供应商除了可以对鸟喙尖部稍加修剪外禁止去掉鸟喙。只有except for符合句子意思，因此B是正确答案。

4.【答案】C

【解析】pave the way是“为…作准备”，change the way是“改变…方式、方法”，lead the way是“为…之先，首先倡导”，open则不能和the way搭配。根据上下文可知麦当劳公司在家禽饲养方面率先作出明确规定，其后诸多快餐巨头纷纷效仿，因此答案是C。

5.【答案】A

【解析】“效仿，模仿”在英语里的固定短语是follow suit，所以选A。

6.【答案】B

【解析】adapt是“适应”，adopt是“采纳”，approve是“同意”，accept是“接受，同意”。首先排除adpat，而approve和accept意思相近，属于干扰选项，所以答案是B。提醒大家准确记忆adapt和adopt的拼写及用法，这两个词在词汇测试方面的出现频率相当高。

7.【答案】D

【解析】本题我们可以采用排除法。A、B、C三个选项都是“小册子”的意思，不能同时成为正确答案，只能选D，checklist的意思是“（核对用的）一览表（尤指完整的清单）”。

8.【答案】B

【解析】weigh in with是固定短语，意为“（在讨论等中）有把握地提出”。Consider，think和measure都不能和in with搭配，所以答案是B。

9.【答案】A

【解析】这四个选项相似之处在于它们有相同词头“pro”。prolong的意思是“拖延，延长”，proceed的意思是“进行，继续”，program为“设计，规划”之意，而progress则为“进步，发展”之意。只有prolong的过去分词能修饰use，因此只能选择A。

10.【答案】B

【解析】C，D选项易排除，effusive为“感情横溢的，流出的”，elective意思是“有选举权的，被选任的，可选修的”。A、B选项也是考试高频词汇，它们不仅拼写相似，意思也有相近之处，effective意思是“生效的，有效的”，而efficient是“效率高的，能干的，有效的”之意，法律条文的生效一般用effective，所以选B。

11.【答案】C

【解析】本句主干是“Questions+待选谓语动词”，意思是伴随着大规模家畜饲养场的发展出现了许多问题。我们先排除raised和posed，因为它们与question搭配时都作及物动词。rise为“升起，增长”之意，arise的意思是“出现，发生”，只有arise能作不及物动词和question搭配，因此C为正确答案。

12.【答案】C

【解析】解这道题时，首先要理清句子结构。逗号后面的句子应为非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整句话，待选词应为引导定语从句的关系代词，据此可排除what和how，又因为这个定语从句修饰的不是人，who也被排除。正确答案只能为C.

13.【答案】D

【解析】health是“健康”，life是“生命，生存”，wealth是“财富”，welfare是“福利”。从上文可以看出，本文讨论的是针对动物的福利提出的一些饲养动物的规定，因此D是正确答案。

14.【答案】B

【解析】decide是“决定，使下决心”，determine是“决定，确定，测定”，prove是“证明，证实”，test是“试验，测验”。要填的过去分词修饰的是fact，最合适的选项是determined，因此答案是B。

15.【答案】A

【解析】voluntary意思是“自发的，自愿的”，revolutionary为“革命的”，而preliminary为“预备的，初步的”，necessary则为“必须的，必需的”。从上文可以看出，这些guidelines（指导原则）是由家畜饲养行业自发制定的，而与食品零售行业和其他行业共享研究结果的目的是完善这些指导原则，因此A为正确答案。

16.【答案】B

【解析】express是“表达，表示”，address是“对付，处理”，suppress是“压制，镇压”，compress是“压缩，镇压”。express和address能和concerns搭配，但这句话的主语是ARS，不定式短语表示目的，即ARS开始实验的目的，显然address更合适，所以选B。