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2014年考研英语指导:从完型考点“窥视”真题词汇价值

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  虽然考研英语试题中取消了词汇单选题,但是,从近几年的完型填空的词汇考点可以明显看出,很多比较难的词汇考点是以前历年词汇单选题的考查点。例如:
 
  The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill which 43 the European Convention on Human Rights legally 44 in Britain laid down that everybody was 45 to privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families
 
  43[A] changes [B] makes [C] sets [D] turns
 
  44[A] binding [B] convincing [C] restraining [D] sustaining
 
  45[A] authorized [B] credited [C] entitled [D] qualified
 
  其中,第43题比较简单,在四个动词中,make可以跟宾语和宾语补足语,例如1994年完型中的句子Inaccurate or indefinite words may make it difficult for the listener to understand the message which is being transmitted to him.此外,set可以有这种用法,但只限于set somebody free或者set something in order,其它的两个选项词汇没有这种用法。
 
  第44题的考点和1994年词汇题第35题的考点非常类似,该题目如下:
 
  35 I support your decision but I should also make it clear that I am not going to be _________ to it
 
  [A] connected [B] fastened [C] bound [D] stuck
 
  正确答案是(C).(Abe connected一般不与to搭配,而用be connected with "……有联系。"B)(be fastened to"被紧紧抓住"。(Cbe bound to sth"必定""……约束"的意思。这符合题意,故应选(C)。(Dstick to"坚持",一般不用被动语态。这句话的意思是:我支持你的决定,但我必须讲清楚,我不打算受到它的约束。Boundbindv.绑,镶边,装订,约束)的过去分词,其中一个含义是……约束的,而bingingbind的现在分词,表示具有约束力的,当年的考试中,这一个题目的错误率很高。此外,B选项词汇fasten2001年完型填空第32题的D选项词汇。
 
  第45题则重复了1995年词汇真题的第25题的词汇考点,该题目如下:
 
  5 It is wellknown that the retired workers in our country are _________ free medical care
 
  [A] entitled to [B] involved in [C] associated with [D] assigned to
 
  正确答案是(A
 
  (Aentitled to "给予……;授予"。(Binvolved in"卷入,被涉及到"。(Cassociated with"……有关的"。(Dassigned to"……分配给"。(A)与题意吻合,故应选(A)。
 
  此外,2006年的完型第6题和1998年第24题的B选项考点range相同,2006年第17题的考点comprehensive出现在1995年第33题的题干中,2005年第4题的考点和1995年的35题的考点相同,2005年底13题和1994年第23题的词汇考点相同。类似的例子不胜枚举。统计表明,1994年到2001年所考过的160个词汇题中,40%以上的选项词汇作为日后完型真题的考点词汇或者选项词汇,因此,可以毫不夸张的说,这8年的考研词汇是我们考研英语备考中的聚宝盆。把这些题目搞清楚,对于提高我们的考研词汇能力,具有重要的意义。
 
  以上为2001年考研英语完型第434546
 
  1994年考研词汇真题解析
 
  21Please do not be ________ by his bad manners since he is merely trying to attract attention
 
  [A] disregarded [B] distorted [C] irritated [D] intervened
 
  正确答案是(C
 
  题目分析:regard表示"考虑",所以(Adisregarded:表示"不理、不顾、漠视"之意。(B distorted"弄歪,歪曲"。(Cirritated"被激怒,恼火"。(D intervened:意为"介入、插入、干涉",一般为不及物动词,因此不可能有be intervened这种被动语态,可以用intervene with短语。从意思上讲,只能是"被他的坏行为"激怒,不可能为其它意思,因此(C irritated为正确答案。
 
  22 Craig assured his boss that he would __________ all his energies in doing this new job
 
  [A] call forth [B]call at [C]call on [D]call off
 
  正确答案是(A
 
  题目分析:本题考查考生对call这一动词与介(副)词搭配成词组时,词组的不同含义。(A call forth"唤起,发挥,使产生,引起,使起作用"。(A)与题意吻合,故应选(A)。(B call at"访问"。(Ccall on "号召,拜访,探望。"D call off "取消,转移"。此题上下文为:Craig向他的老板保证,在做这项新工作中,他将发挥他所有的能力。
 
  23 Too much ________ to Xrays can cause skin burns cancer or other damage to the body
 
  [A] disclosure [B] exhibition [C] contact [D] exposure
 
  正确答案是(D
 
  题目分析:(A disclosureclose"关闭"之意, disclose的含义是"揭露,透露"。(B exhibition "展览,表演",一般用于exhibition of ...表示:"……的展览",或on exhibition "在展览中"。(Ccontact"接触,联系",用于contact with "……接触"。(Dexposure "暴露;揭露;接触",用于词组exposure to "暴露于……"。根据上下文及用词搭配,都应该选(Dexposure
 
  24 When confronted with such questions my mind goes __________ and I can hardly remember my own date of birth
 
  [A] dim [B]blank [C] faint [D] vain
 
  正确答案是(B
 
  题目分析:(Adim" 昏暗的,模糊的"go dim:指"(脑子)变得混沌不清楚。"Bblank "空白的"go blank"(头脑)变成一片空白",与后面"我几乎记不起来我自己的生日"意思相吻合,故应选(B)。(Cfaint "衰弱的,昏晕的"go faint :一般指"(身体)发晕";(Dvain "空费的,徒劳的;自负的"。一般不与go搭配,短语in vain徒劳的,白白的
 
  25 It is well known that knowledge is the _________ condition for expansion of mind
 
  [A] incompatible [B] incredible [C] indefinite [D] indispensable
 
  正确答案是(D
 
  题目分析:(Aincompatible "不能共存的,不相容的"。(B incredible"难以置信的;不可思议的"。(Cindefinite "含糊的;不明确的"。(Dindispensible"必不可少的;必需的"。此题目译为:大家都知道,知识是扩充头脑的必不可少的条件。It是形式主语,that引导的是主语从句。根据上下文判断,(D)是最合适的答案。
 
  26 More than two hundred years ago the United States __________ from the British Empire and became an independent country
 
  [A] got off [B] pulled down [C] broke away [D] attached to
 
  正确答案是(C
 
  题目分析:此题目考查词组意义。(Agot off "下来,出发,动身"。(Bpulled down"拆毁;拖垮"。(Cbroke awayfrom): "脱离,摆脱",根据上下文,应选(C)。(Ddropped off "陆续散去,睡着"
 
  27 Care should be taken to decrease the length of time that one is ________ loud continuous noise
 
  [A] subjected to [B] filled with [C] associated with [D] dropped off
 
  正确答案是(A
 
  题目分析:(A)(besubjected to "遭受,受到,服从"B)(be filled with "充满了"。(C)(be associated with "……联系在一起"。(D)(be attached to"附属于,依恋于"。显然是(A"遭受到极大的不断的噪声"为最合理。
 
  28 Some of the most important concepts in physics ________their success to these mathematical systems
 
  [A] oblige [B]owe [C]contribute [D]valuable
 
  正确答案是(B
 
  题目分析:(Aoblige ...(to do):"强迫……做某事"Oblige还有施惠;帮的忙的含义,例如:Please oblige me by closing the door.请帮我把门关上。I'm much obliged to you.我非常感谢你帮忙。这一用法是2004年考研英语翻译第62题的一个重要考点。(Bowe ....(to ):"多亏,感谢,把归功于"。(Ccontribute...(to):"献出,把……花费在……"contribute to导致,造成。(Dattribute...(to):"……归属于……"。显然,(B)为正确答案。这句话的意思为:一些物理学中最重要的概念的成功应该归功于这些数学体系。而不能把物理学中概念的成功"归属于"数学体系。
 
  29 As your instructor advised you ought to spend your time on something __________ researching into
 
  [A] precious [B] worth [C] worthy [D] valuable
 
  正确答案是(B
 
  题目分析:(A precious"宝贵的;完全的"。(Bworth"值得的"worth后面一般跟动名词表示"值得做某事",并且用主动形式表达被动的含义,而(Cworthy也表示"值得做某事"时,一般的用法是worthy of sth.或worthy to be done。此外,worthy有受人尊敬的意思,这一含义,在2006年考研阅读理解第二篇文章第二段从到了这一含义,“the worthy residents”Dvaluable"有价值的,贵重的",比较词义和用法,(B)为最佳答案。
 
  30 As a defense against airpollution damage many plants and animals _________ a substance to absorb harmful chemicals
 
  [A] relieve [B] release [C] dismiss [D] discard
 
  正确答案是(B
 
  题目分析:(A relieve"减轻,解除,援救,救济"。(Brelease"释放;免除;发行,发布"。(Cdismiss"解散;解雇;消除"。(Ddiscard"抛弃,解雇"。此题目意思是:作为对空气污染的防护措施,许多植物和动物释放出一种可以吸收有害化学成分的物质。因此应选择(B)。against1998年完形填空的43题的考点。
 
  31 Without the friction between their feet and the ground people would ________ be able to walk
 
  [A] in no time [B] by all means [C] in no way [D]on any account
 
  正确答案是(C
 
  题目分析:此题目考查介词和名词搭配的固定词组的含义。(Ain no time"立即,立刻",=at once.(Bby all means"务必"。(Cin no way"不可能"。(Don any account无论如何,往往用于not on any account"决不"。根据题意(C)是正确答案。
 
  32 While typing Helen has a habit of stopping ________ to give her long and flowing hair a smooth
 
  [A] occasionally [B] simultaneously [C] eventually [D] promptly
 
  正确答案是(A
 
  题目分析:(A occasionally"偶尔,有时"。(Bsimultaneously"同时"at the same time。(Ceventually"最终,最后",一般放在句首。(Dpromptly"敏捷地,迅速地"。根据上下文,应选择(A)。上下文为:打字的时候,Helen习惯于偶尔停下来梳理她的长而飘逸的头发。
 
  33 One reason for the successes of Asian immigrants in the US is that they have taken great __________ to educate their chidren
 
  [A] efforts [B] pains [C] attempts [D] endeavours
 
  正确答案是(B
 
  题目分析:(A efforts,一般不与take搭配,常用于make efforts"作出许多努力"。(Bpains:与take搭配,表示"费尽苦心"。(Cattempts:一般也用于make attempts(尝试)这一搭配。(Demdeavours:一般不与take搭配,而用于do endeavoursmake endeavours表示"努力,尽力"。根据词汇搭配和上下文,(B)为最佳答案。
 
  34 If any man here does not agree with me he should _________ his own plan for improving the living conditions of these people
 
  [A] put on [B] put out [C] put in [D] put forward
 
  正确答案是(D
 
  题目分析:该题目考查put一词的搭配。(Aput on"穿上,戴上"。(Bput out"伸出,解雇;熄灭"。(Cput in"插入,引入"。(Dput forward"促进;提出,倡议"。根据上下文"计划"只能是"提出",因而(D)为正确答案。
 
  35 I support your decision but I should also make it clear that I am not going to be _________ to it
 
  [A] connected [B] fastened [C] bound [D] stuck
 
  正确答案是(C
 
  题目分析:(Abe connected一般不与to搭配,而用be connected with"……有联系。"B)(be fastened to"被紧紧抓住"fasten的含义是拴紧,使固定,系,强加于。(Cbe bound to sth"必定""……约束"的意思。这符合题意,故应选(C)。(Dstick to"坚持",一般不用被动语态。这句话的意思是:我支持你的决定,但我必须讲清楚,我不打算受到它的约束。
 
  36 The English language contains a n _________ of words which are comparatively seldom used in ordinary conversation
 
  [A] altitude [B] latitude [C] multitude [D] attitude
 
  正确答案是(C
 
  题目分析:(A altitude"高度"。(Blatitude"纬度"。(Cmultitude"大批",可用于a multitude ofn.(pl),相当于2003年第30题的考点词汇multiple。(Dattitude"姿势;态度"。从上下文和用法上都只有(C)为正确答案。
 
  37 In my opinion you can widen the ________ of these improvements through your active participation
 
  [A] dimension [B] volume [C] magnitude [D] scope
 
  正确答案是(D
 
  题目分析:(A dimension"尺寸,尺度,维(数),度(数)"。(Bvolume"容积,体积,容量"。(Cmagnitude"大小,数量,巨大,广大,量级"。(Dscope"范围",从上下文看,"扩展"只能是范围、面积等,而不能是"尺寸、体积"等,所以(Dscope是正确答案。
 
  38 Your improper words will give _________ to doubts concerning your true intentions
 
  [A] rise [B] reason [C] suspicion [D] impulse
 
  正确答案是(A
 
  题目分析:(Agive rise to):"导致,引起,产生"。(A)与题意吻合,故应选(A)。(B)(give reason to):"……进行解释"。(C)(givesuspicion to):"……进行怀疑"。(Dgive impulse to):"促进,增进"。此句话的意思是:不恰当的话会引起对真正意图的怀疑。
 
  39 The news item about the fire is followed by a detailed report made __________
 
  [A] on the spot [B] on the site [C] on the location [D] on the ground
 
  正确答案是(A
 
  题目分析:本题考查词组含义。(Aon the spot"在现场,就地"。(Bon the site:没有这一搭配。(Con the location"在外景"。(Don the ground"在地面上,当场"。根据上下文,(A)为正确答案。
 
  40 The remarkable _________ of life on the Galopagos Islands inspired Charles Darwin to establish his theory of evolution
 
  [A] classification [B] variety [C] density [D] diversion
 
  正确答案是(B
 
  题目分析:classification"分类,类别;分级"。(Bvariety"变化,多样性,种种,品种,种类"a variety of“多种的。(Cdensity"浓度,密度"。(Ddiversion"转移,转换,牵制,解闷,娱乐"。根据上下文,正确答案应为(Bvariety。此句的意思为:Galopagos岛上异常的生物变种启发了查尔斯达尔文建立了自己的进化理论。
 
  来源:网络

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