翻译硕士英语试题及答案
I. Vocabulary and grammar （30’）
Multiple choice
Directions： Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.
1. Thousands of people turned out into the streets to _________ against the local authorities’ decision to build a highway across the field.
A. contradict B. reform C. counter D. protest
2. The majority of nurses are women， but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a _________.
A. minority B. scarcity C. rarity D. minimum
3. Professor Johnson’s retirement ________ from next January.
A. carries into effect B. takes effect C. has effect D. puts into effect
4. The president explained that the purpose of taxation was to ________ government spending.
A. finance B. expand C. enlarge D. budget
5. The heat in summer is no less _________ here in this mountain region.
A. concentrated B. extensive C. intense D. intensive
6. Taking photographs is strictly ________ here， as it may damage the precious cave paintings.
A. forbidden B. rejected C. excluded D. denied
7. Mr. Brown’s condition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will _________.
A. pull back B. pull up C. pull through D. pull out
8. Since the early nineties， the trend in most businesses has been toward on-demand， always-available products and services that suit the customer’s _________ rather than the company’s.
A. benefit B. availability C. suitability D. convenience
9. The priest made the ________ of the cross when he entered the church.
A. mark B. signal C. sign D. gesture
10. This spacious room is ________ furnished with just a few articles in it.
A. lightly B. sparsely C. hardly D. rarely
11. If you explained the situation to your solicitor， he ________ able to advise you much better than I can.
A. would be B. will have been C. was D. were
12. With some men dressing down and some other men flaunting their looks， it is really hard to tell they are gay or _________.
A. straight B. homosexual C. beautiful D. sad
13. His remarks were ________ annoy everybody at the meeting.
A. so as to B. such as to C. such to D. as much as to
14. James has just arrived， but I didn’t know he _________ until yesterday.
A. will come B. was coming C. had been coming D. came
15. _________ conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen.
A. I was and always will be B. I have to be and always will be
C. I had been and always will be D. I have been and always will be
16. Because fuel supplies are finite and many people are wasteful， we will have to install _________ solar heating device in our home.
A. some type of B. some types of a
C. some type of a D. some types of
17. I went there in 1984， and that was the only occasion when I ________ the journey in exactly two days.
A. must take B. must have made
C. was able to make D. could make
18. I know he failed his last test， but really he’s _________ stupid.
A. something but B. anything but
C. nothing but D. not but
19. Do you know Tim’s brother？ He is _________ than Tim.
A. much more sportsman B. more of a sportsman
C. more of sportsman D. more a sportsman
20. That was not the first time he ________ us. I think it’s high time we ________ strong actions against him.
A. betrayed… take B. had betrayed… took
C. has betrayed… took D. has betrayed… take
II. Reading comprehension （40’）
Section 1 Multiple choice （20’）
Directions： In this section there are reading passages followed by multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your answer sheet.
Passage A
The Welsh language has always been the ultimate marker of Welsh identity， but a generation ago it looked as if Welsh would go the way of Manx， once widely spoken on the Isle of Man but now extinct. Government financing and central planning， however， have helped reverse the decline of Welsh. Road signs and official public documents are written in both Welsh and English， and schoolchildren are required to learn both languages. Welsh is now one of the most successful of Europe’s regional languages， spoken by more than a half-million of the country’s three million people.
The revival of the language， particularly among young people， is part of a resurgence of national identity sweeping through this small， proud nation. Last month Wales marked the second anniversary of the opening of the National Assembly， the first parliament to be convened here since 1404. The idea behind devolution was to restore the balance within the union of nations making up the United Kingdom. With most of the people and wealth， England has always had bragging rights. The partial transfer of legislative powers from Westminster， implemented by Tony Blair， was designed to give the other members of the club—Scotland， Northern Ireland， and Wales—a bigger say and to counter centrifugal forces that seemed to threaten the very idea of the union.
The Welsh showed little enthusiasm for devolution. Whereas the Scots voted overwhelmingly for a parliament， the vote for a Welsh assembly scraped through by less than one percent on a turnout of less than 25 percent. Its powers were proportionately limited. The Assembly can decide how money from Westminster or the European union is spent. It cannot， unlike its counterpart in Edinburgh， enact laws. But now that it is here， the Welsh are growing to like their Assembly. Many people would like it to have more powers. Its importance as figurehead will grow with the opening in 2003， of a new debating chamber， one of many new buildings that are transforming Cardiff from a decaying seaport into a Baltimore-style waterfront city. Meanwhile a grant of nearly two million dollars from the European union will tackle poverty. Wales is one of the poorest regions in Western Europe—only Spain， Portugal， and Greece have a lower standard of living.
Newspapers and magazines are filled with stories about great Welsh men and women， boosting self-esteem. To familiar faces such as Dylan Thomas and Richard Burton have been added new icons such as Catherine Zeta-Jones， the movie star， and Bryn Terfel， the opera singer. Indigenous foods like salt marsh lamb are in vogue. And Wales now boasts a national airline， Awyr Cymru. Cymru， which means “land of compatriots”， is the Welsh name for Wales. The red dragon， the nation’s symbol since the time of King Arthur， is everywhere—on T-shirts， rugby jerseys and even cell phone covers.
“Until very recent times most Welsh people had this feeling of being second-class citizens，” said Dyfan Jones， an 18-year-old student. It was a warm summer night， and I was sitting on the grass with a group of young people in Llanelli， an industrial town in the south， outside the rock music venue of the National Eisteddfod， Wales’s annual cultural festival. The disused factory in front of us echoed to the sounds of new Welsh bands.
“There was almost a genetic tendency for lack of confidence，” Dyfan continued. Equally comfortable in his Welshness as in his membership in the English-speaking， global youth culture and the new federal Europe， Dyfan， like the rest of his generation， is growing up with a sense of possibility unimaginable ten years ago. “We used to think. We can’t do anything， we’re only Welsh. Now I think that’s changing.”
1. According to the passage， devolution was mainly meant to
A. maintain the present status among the nations.
B. reduce legislative powers of England.
C. create a better state of equality among the nations.
D. grant more say to all the nations in the union.
2. The word “centrifugal” in the second paragraph means
A. separatist.
B. conventional.
C. feudal.
D. political
3. Wales is different from Scotland in all the following aspects EXCEPT
A. people’s desire for devolution.
B. locals’ turnout for the voting.
C. powers of the legislative body.
D. status of the national language.
4. Which of the following is NOT cited as an example of the resurgence of Welsh national identity？
A. Welsh has witnessed a revival as a national language.
B. Poverty-relief funds have come from the European Union.
C. A Welsh national airline is currently in operation.
D. The national symbol has become a familiar sight.
5. According to Dyfan Jones what has changed is
A. people’s mentality.
B. pop culture.
C. town’s appearance.
D. possibilities for the people.
Passage B
The miserable fate of Enron’s employees will be a landmark in business history， one of those awful events that everyone agrees must never be allowed to happen again. This urge is understandable and noble： thousands have lost virtually all their retirement savings with the demise of Enron stock. But making sure it never happens again may not be possible， because the sudden impoverishment of those Enron workers represents something even larger than it seems. It’s the latest turn in the unwinding of one of the most audacious promises of the 20th century.
The promise was assured economic security—even comfort—for essentially everyone in the developed world. With the explosion of wealth， that began in the 19th century it became possible to think about a possibility no one had dared to dream before. The fear at the center of daily living since caveman days—lack of food， warmth， shelter—would at last lose its power to terrify. That remarkable promise became reality in many ways. Governments created welfare systems for anyone in need and separate programs for the elderly （Social Security in the U.S.）. Labour unions promised not only better pay for workers but also pensions for retirees. Giant corporations came into being and offered the possibility—in some cases the promise—of lifetime employment plus guaranteed pensions？ The cumulative effect was a fundamental change in how millions of people approached life itself， a reversal of attitude that most rank as one of the largest in human history. For millennia the average person’s stance toward providing for himself had been. Ultimately I’m on my own. Now it became， ultimately I’ll be taken care of.
The early hints that this promise might be broken on a large scale came in the 1980s. U.S. business had become uncompetitive globally and began restructuring massively， with huge Layoffs. The trend accelerated in the 1990s as the bastions of corporate welfare faced reality. IBM ended its no-layoff policy. AT&T fired thousands， many of whom found such a thing simply incomprehensible， and a few of whom killed themselves. The other supposed guarantors of our economic security were also in decline. Labour-union membership and power fell to their lowest levels in decades. President Clinton signed a historic bill scaling back welfare. Americans realized that Social Security won’t provide social security for any of us.
A less visible but equally significant trend affected pensions. To make costs easier to control， companies moved away from defined benefit pension plans， which obligate them to pay out specified amounts years in the future， to defined contribution plans， which specify only how much goes into the play today. The most common type of defined-contribution plan is the 401（k）. the significance of the 401（k） is that it puts most of the responsibility for a person’s economic fate back on the employee. Within limits the employee must decide how much goes into the plan each year and how it gets invested—the two factors that will determine how much it’s worth when the employee retires.
Which brings us back to Enron？ Those billions of dollars in vaporized retirement savings went in employees’ 401（k） accounts. That is， the employees chose how much money to put into those accounts and then chose how to invest it. Enron matched a certain proportion of each employee’s 401（k） contribution with company stock， so everyone was going to end up with some Enron in his or her portfolio； but that could be regarded as a freebie， since nothing compels a company to match employee contributions at all. At least two special features complicate the Enron case. First， some shareholders charge top management with illegally covering up the company’s problems， prompting investors to hang on when they should have sold. Second， Enron’s 401（k） accounts were locked while the company changed plan administrators in October， when the stock was falling， so employees could not have closed their accounts if they wanted to.
But by far the largest cause of this human tragedy is that thousands of employees were heavily overweighed in Enron stock. Many had placed 100% of their 401（k） assets in the stock rather than in the 18 other investment options they were offered. Of course that wasn’t prudent， but it’s what some of them did.
The Enron employees’ retirement disaster is part of the larger trend away from guaranteed economic security. That’s why preventing such a thing from ever happening again may be impossible. The huge attitudinal shift to I’ll-be-taken-care-of took at least a generation. The shift back may take just as long. It won’t be complete until a new generation of employees see assured economic comfort as a 20th-century quirk， and understand not just intellectually but in their bones that， like most people in most times and places， they’re on their own.
6. Why does the author say at the beginning “The miserable fate of Enron’s employees will be a landmark in business history…”？
A. Because the company has gone bankrupt.
B. Because such events would never happen again.
C. Because many Enron workers lost their retirement savings.
D. Because it signifies a turning point in economic security.
7. According to the passage， the combined efforts by governments， layout unions and big corporations to guarantee economic comfort have led to a significant change in
A. people’s outlook on life.
B. people’s life styles.
C. people’s living standard.
D. people’s social values.
8. Changes in pension schemes were also part of
A. the corporate lay-offs.
B. the government cuts in welfare spending.
C. the economic restructuring.
D. the warning power of labors unions.
9. Thousands of employees chose Enron as their sole investment option mainly because
A. the 401（k） made them responsible for their own future.
B. Enron offered to add company stock to their investment.
C. their employers intended to cut back on pension spending.
D. Enron’s offer was similar to a defined-benefit plan.
10. Which is NOT seen as a lesson drawn from the Enron disaster？
A. The 401（k） assets should be placed in more than one investment option.
B. Employees have to take up responsibilities for themselves.
C. Such events could happen again as it is not easy to change people’s mind.
D. Economic security won’t be taken for granted by future young workers.
Section 2 Answering questions （20’）
Directions： Read the following passages and then answer IN COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions which follow each passage. Use only information from the passage you have just read and write your answer in the corresponding space in your answer sheet.
Questions 1~3
For 40 years the sight of thousands of youngsters striding across the open moorland has been as much an annual fixture as spring itself. But the 2，400 school pupils who join the grueling Dartmoor Ten Tors Challenge next Saturday may be among the last to take part in the May tradition. The trek faces growing criticism from environmentalists who fear that the presence of so many walkers on one weekend threatens the survival of some of Dartmoor’s internationally rare bird species.
The Ten Tors Challenge takes place in the middle of the breeding season， when the slightest disturbance can jeopardize birds’ chances of reproducing successfully. Experts at the RSPB and the Dartmoor National Park Authority fear that the walkers could frighten birds and even crush eggs. They are now calling for the event to be moved to the autumn， when the breeding season is over and chicks should be well established. Organisers of the event， which is led by about 400 Territorial Army volunteers， say moving it would be impractical for several reasons and would mean pupils could not train properly for the 55-mile trek. Dartmoor is home to 10 rare species of ground-nesting birds， including golden plovers， dunlins and lapwings. In some cases， species are either down to their last two pairs on the moor or are facing a nationwide decline.
Emma Parkin， South-west spokeswoman for the PASPB， took part in the challenge as a schoolgirl. She said the society had no objections to the event itself but simply wanted it moved to another time of year. “It is a wonderful activity for the children who take part but， having thousands of people walking past in one weekend when birds are breeding is hardly ideal，” she said. “We would prefer it to take place after the breeding and nesting season is over. There is a risk of destruction and disturbance. If the walkers put a foot in the wrong place they can crush the eggs and if there is sufficient disturbance the birds might abandon the nest.” Helen Booker， an RSPB upland conservation officer， said there was no research into the scale of the damage but there was little doubt the walk was detrimental. “If people are tramping past continually it can harm the chances of successful nesting. There is also the fear of direct trampling of eggs.” A spokesman for the Dartmoor National Park Authority said the breeding season on the moor lasted from early March to mid-July， and the Ten Tors Challenge created the potential for disturbance for March， when participants start training.
To move the event to the autumn was difficult because children would be on holiday during the training period. There was a possibility that some schools in the Southwest move to a four-term year in 2004， “but until then any change was unlikely. The authority last surveyed bird life on Dartmoor two year ago and if the next survey showed any further decline， it would increase pressure to move the Challenge，” he said.
Major Mike Pether， secretary of the army committee that organises the Challenge， said the event could be moved if there was the popular will. “The Ten Tors has been running for 42 years and it has always been at this time of the year. It is almost in tablets of stone but that’s not to say we won’t consider moving if there is a consensus in favour. However， although the RSPB would like it moved， 75 per cent of the people who take part want it to stay as it is，” he said. Major Pether said the trek could not be moved to earlier in the year because it would conflict with the lambing season， most of the children were on holiday in the summer， and the winter weather was too harsh.
Datmoor National Park occupies some 54 sq km of hills topped by granite outcrops known as “Tors” with the highest Tor-capped hill reaching 621m. The valleys and dips between the hills are often sites of bogs to snare the unwary hiker. The moor has long been used by the British Army as a training and firing range. The origin of the event stretches back to 1959 when three Army officers exercising on the moor thought it would provide a challenge for civilians as well as soldiers. In the first year 203 youngsters took up the challenges. Since then teams， depending on age and ability， face hikes of 35， 45 or 55 miles between 10 nominated Tors over two days. They are expected to carry everything they need to survive.
1. What is the Ten Tors Challenge？ Give a brief introduction of its location and history.
2. Why is it suggested that the event be moved to the autumn or other seasons？
3. What are the difficulties if the event is moved to the autumn or other seasons？
Questions 4~5
Mike and Adam Hurewitz grew up together on Long Island， in the suburbs of New York City. They were very close， even for brothers. So when Adam’s liver started failing， Mike offered to give him half of his. The operation saved Adam’s life. But Mike， who went into the hospital in seemingly excellent health， developed a complication—perhaps a blood colt—and died last week. He was 57. Mike Hurewitz’s death has prompted a lot of soul searching in the transplant community. Was it a tragic fluke or a sign that transplant surgery has reached some kind of ethical limit？ The Mount Sinai Medical Center， the New York City hospital where the complex double operation was performed， has put on hold its adult living donor liver transplant program， pending a review of Hurewitz’s death. Mount Sinai has performed about 100 such operations in the past three years.
A 1-in-100 risk of dying may not seem like bad odds， but there’s more to this ethical dilemma than a simple ratio. The first and most sacred rule of medicine is to do no harm. “For a normal healthy person a mortality rate 1% is hard to justify，” says Dr. John Fung， chief of transplantation at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. “If the rate stays at 1%， it’s just not going to be accepted.” On the other hand， there’s an acute shortage of traditional donor organs from people who have died in accidents or suffered fatal heart attacks. If family members fully understand the risks and are willing to proceed， is there any reason to stand in their way？ Indeed， a recent survey showed that most people will accept a mortality rate for living organ donors as high as 20%. The odds， thankfully， aren’t nearly that bad. For kidney donors， for example， the risk ranges from 1 in 2， 500 to 1 in 4， 000 for a healthy volunteer. That helps explain why nearly 40% of kidney transplants in the U.S. come from living donors.
The operation to transplant a liver， however， is a lot trickier than one to transplant a kidney. Not only is the liver packed with blood vessels， but it also makes lots of proteins that need to be produced in the right ratios for the body to survive. When organs from the recently deceased are used， the surgeon gets to pick which part of the donated liver looks the best and to take as much of it as needed. Assuming all goes well， a healthy liver can grow back whatever portion of the organ is missing， sometimes within a month.
A living-donor transplant works particularly well when an adult donates a modest portion of the liver to a child. Usually only the left lobe of the organ is required， leading to a mortality rate for living-donors in the neighborhood of 1 in 500 to 1 in 1， 000. But when the recipient is another adult， as much as 60% of the donor’s liver has to be removed. “There really is very little margin for error，” says Dr. Fung. By way of analogy， he suggests， think of a tree. “An adult-to-child living-donor transplant is like cutting off a limb. With an adult-to-adult transplant， you’re splitting the trunk in half and trying to keep both halves alive.”
Even if a potential donor understand and accepts these risks， that doesn’t necessarily mean the operation should proceed. All sorts of subtle pressures can be brought to bear on such a decision， says Dr. Mark Siegler， director of the MacLean for Clinical Medical Ethics at the University of Chicago. “Sometimes the sicker the patient， the greater the pressure and the more willing the donor will be to accept risks.” If you feel you can’t say no， is your decision truly voluntary？ And if not， is it the medical community’s responsibility to save you from your own best intentions？
Transplant centers have developed screening programs to ensure that living donors fully understand the nature of their decision. But unexamined， for the most part， is the larger issue of just how much a volunteer should be allowed to sacrifice to save another human being. So far， we seem to be saying some risk is acceptable， although we’re still vaguer about where the cutoff should be. There will always be family members like Mike Hurewitz who are heroically prepared to make the ultimate sacrifice for a loved one. What the medical profession and society must decide is if it’s appropriate to let them do so.
4. Describe in your own words the liver transplant between the two brothers Mike and Adam.
5. What is the major issue raised in the article？
III. Writing （30’）
Some people see education simply as going to school or college， or as a means to secure good jobs； other people view education as a lifelong process. In your opinion， how important is education to people in the modern society？
Write a composition of about 400 words on your view of the topic.
I. Vocabulary and grammar （30’）
1-10 DABAC ACDDB
11-20 AABBD ACBBC
II. Reading comprehension （40’）
Section 1 Multiple choice （20’）
1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. A
6. D 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. B
Section 2 Answering questions （20’）
Key points
1. located in Dartmoor Park/with 54 sq km of hills covered by “Tors”/an event starting from 1959/young people walking over a distance of 55-mile trek in two days/in Spring （May）/ a kind of outdoor physical training
2. environmentalism/threatening of some “internationally rare bird species”/breeding season/nesting season/destroying eggs/frightening birds/declining of birds
3. if moved to autumn/children “on holiday” during the training period/majority unwilling to change the time/if moved earlier： lambing season/winter： too harsh and cold
4. Mike and Adam/one’s liver “failing”， Mike donated half of his liver/Adam survived/Mike， the healthy brother， due to the “complication” developed in the operation， died after the successful transplant
5. when there is a risk of donors’ dying from organ transplant between family members/1 in 100 risk/higher or lower/Shall such transplant operations be encouraged？/different viewpoints/heated argument
III. Writing （30’）
Education as a Lifelong Process
When we talk about education， we can easily think of schools， colleges and young people. As a matter of fact， education is so important in modern society that it can be viewed as a lifelong process.？
Firstly， it’s the requirement of fast-developing society to receive education despite of your age. Our world is changing dramatically with the development of new science and technology. A person who completed his education at school in the 1970s or the 1980s may have encountered new problems when he is working now. The problems might have something to do with his major or other aspects. For example an accountant now must master the skills of accounting through computers， which is a basic tool for him， so he should also learn how to apply his job in a computer no matter how old he is.？
Secondly， education creates human character and moralities. Through education， youth may learn how to make contributions to the world. And the old may learn new things to enrich their lives. Through education， a healthy person can become stronger and a disabled person can have a new hope on his life. Man can find great pleasure in education.？
Thirdly， our modem society has provided everyone with the chance to receive education. As long as you wish you could get education by attending night-schools， adult colleges， training centers and even long-distance education through Internet and TV.？
In a word， knowledge is boundless， and life is limited. So education is a lifelong process.
英语翻译基础样题及答案1
I. Directions： Translate the following words， abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test， 15 in English and 15 in Chinese， with one pint for each. （30’）
1. APEC
2. ASEAN
3. CFO
4. CPI
5. EMS
6. FBI
7. GPS
8. IPO
9. NATO
10. International Monetary Fund
11. most favored nations
12. Intellectual Property Rights
13. Certified Public Accountant
14. European Free Trade Association
15. International Atomic Energy Agency
16. 按揭贷款
17. 保健食品
18. 保税区
19. 不正之风
20. 春运
21. 第三产业
22. 法制国家
23. 国际惯例
24. 货到付款
25. 亏损企业
26. 减员增效
27. 联合兼并
28. 留职停薪
29. 特别提款权
30. 市场准入
II. Directions： Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively. If the source text is in English， its target language is Chinese. If the source text is in Chinese， its target language is English. （120’）
Source Text 1：
A physician starts playing a harsh mental tape in her head every time a new patient calls： What if I make the wrong diagnosis？ I’m a terrible doctor. How did I get into medical school？ An executive loses his job despite 25 productive years， he tells himself： I’m a loser. I can’t provide for my family， and I’ll never be able to do it again. If these real-life examples sound familiar， you may have a caustic commentary running in your head， too. Psychologists say many of their patients are plagued by a harsh Inner Critic—including some extremely successful people who think it’s the secret to their success.
An Inner Critic can indeed roust you out of bed in the morning， get you on the treadmill （literally and figuratively） and spur you to finish that book or symphony or invention. But the desire to achieve can get hijacked by harsh judgment and unrelenting fear. Unrelenting self-criticism often goes hand in hand with anxiety， and it may even predict depression. Self-criticism is also a factor in eating disorders， and body disorder—that is， preoccupation with one’s perceived physical flaws. Many people’s Inner Critic makes an appearance early in life and is such a constant companion that it’s part of their personality. Psychologists say that children， particularly those with a genetic predisposition to depression， may internalize and exaggerate the expectations of parents or peers or society. One theory is that self-criticism is anger turned inward， when sufferers are filled with hostility but too afraid and insecure to let it out. Other theories hold that people who scold themselves are acting out guilt or shame or subconsciously shielding themselves against criticism from others： You can’t tell me anything I don’t already tell myself， even in harsher terms.
Techniques from cognitive behavioral therapy can be helpful in changing patterns of thought that have become painful. There are many patients， such as doctors， lawyers—who believed that if they didn’t flog themselves， they wouldn’t be successful. And part of psychologists’ work is to break through that belief by telling the patients that they usually succeed in spite of their Inner Critics， not because of them. （360 words）
【Key words】
depression 抑郁症 cognitive behavioral therapy 认知行为疗法
Source Text 2：
农业是多哈谈判的核心。发达国家和发展中国家都面临压力，但富国和穷国的压力是不同的。在全球26亿农民中，发展中国家有25亿，而且 大多数处在贫困状态。即使发展中国家有雄心、有诚意去推进贸易自由化，也不能不顾及几千万甚至几亿农民的基本生计。如果让那些已处于贫困线上的农民遭受更大的冲击，将引发灾难，届时发达国家也不得安宁。因此，应立即给予最不发达国家免关税、免配额的待遇，应该给予发展中国家“特殊产品”和“特殊保障机制” 的待遇。
在推动世界贸易自由化的过程中，关键是要照顾大多数，要让广大发展中成员能跟上前进的步伐。因此，要给予所有发展中成员特殊和差别待遇，并力争在香港会议期间就棉花等问题作为阶段性成果达成共识。让发展中成员“早期收获”，获得看得见、摸得着的好处，才能增强多数成员对多哈谈判的信 心。 （344 words）
【关键词】
多哈谈判 the Doha Round negotiations 免配额quota-free
I. Directions： Translate the following words， abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test， 15 in English and 15 in Chinese， with one point for each. （30’）
1. 亚太经贸合作组织
2. 东南亚国家联盟
3. 首席财务官
4. 消费价格指数
5. 邮政特快专递
6. 联邦调查局
7. 全球定位系统
8. 首次公开募股
9. 北大西洋公约组织
10. 国际货币基金组织
11. 最惠国
12. 知识产权
13. 注册会计师
14. 欧洲自由贸易联盟
15. 国际原子能机构
16. mortgage loan
17. health-care food
18. the bonded zone
19. bad （harmful） practice； unhealthy tendency
20. （passenger） transport during the Spring Festival
21. tertiary industry； service sector
22. a state with an adequate legal system
23. international common practice
24. cash on delivery
25. enterprises running in the red/under deficit
26. downsizing for efficiency； cut payroll to improve efficiency
27. conglomeration and merger of enterprises
28. retain the job but suspend the salary
29. special drawing rights （SDR； SDRs）
30. market access
II. Directions： Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively. If the source text is in English， its target language is Chinese. If the source text is in Chinese， its target language is English （120’）.
英译汉：
一位内科医生每次给新病人看病时脑子里就会响起一个刺耳的声音：我要是诊断错了该怎么办？我是个蹩脚的医生。当初我是怎么混进医学院的？一位高管失业了，虽然此前有过25年的辉煌职业生涯，他还是不断地告诉自己：我是个失败者。我没法赡养家人，以后也都不能够了。如果这些真实的事例对你来说非常地熟悉，那么你的头脑里可能也有那么一个严厉的声音在回荡。心理学家称，很多病人都备受苛刻的自我怀疑的折磨──包括一些非常成功的人士，他们 认为这正是自己成功的秘诀。
自我怀疑的确能在清晨把你从床上唤起，敦促你快马加鞭地干活，尽快去完成手头那本书、那支曲子或是那项发明。不过对于成功的渴求也许会为严苛的评判及无休止的恐惧所阻挠。无休止的自我批评通常会带来焦虑，甚至会导致抑郁症。自我批评也会导致进食失调、身体机能紊乱，即总是想象自己的身体 有缺陷。很多人在幼年时期便有了自我怀疑的倾向，之后这个声音便常伴他们左右，成了他们性格的一个部分。心理学家称，儿童，尤其是那些先天易患抑郁症的儿童，可能会内化并夸大父母、同辈或社会对自己的期望。有一个说法认为，自我批评其实就是冲自身发泄怒气，这类人内心充满了敌对情绪，但是太过忧虑、太没有 安全感，不敢把这种情绪发泄出来。还有一些说法则认为，那些责备自己的人是在表达自己的负罪感或羞辱感，或者是下意识里保护自己免遭他人的责备：你不能再来责备我了，我自己已经责备过自己了，用的词比你还要严厉呢。
各种认知行为疗法有助于改变给人带来痛苦的思维模式。经常有一些医生、律师类的病人，他们相信如果他们对自己没有那么苛刻，就不会有现在的成功。心理学家的部分工作内容就是打破那种成见，并告诉他们——很多时候他们是因为突破自责获得了成功，而并不是因为自责而成功的。
汉译英：
Agriculture is the centerpiece of the Doha Round negotiations. Although both developed and developing countries are faced with pressures， the nature of their difficulties is very different. Of the 2.6 billion farming population in the world， 2.5 billion reside in the developing countries， and the majority of them are living below poverty lines. Even if some developing countries were willing to embark on the road of trade liberalization， they would have to take into account the basic livelihood of millions or even billions of their farmers. To expose those poor farmers to further external shocks could trigger disastrous consequences. Should such scenario occur， the lifestyle of the rich countries would be endangered， too. It is therefore sensible to offer duty-free， quota-free treatment to products from the least developed countries immediately. Developing countries should also be entitled to the concepts of “Special Products” and “Special Safeguard Mechanism”.
In the process of promoting world trade liberalization， it is crucial to bear in mind the interests of the majority and to enable them to adapt to the pace of progress. Hence the necessity of providing special and differential treatment to all developing countries. It is advisable to reach consensus during the Hong Kong conference on issues like cotton and others， so that there could be some “Early Harvest” for developing countries. Such visible and tangible benefits could boost the confidence of most members in the ongoing Doha Round negotiations.
I Directions： Translate the following words， abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test， 15 in English and 15 in Chinese， with one point for each.（30’）
1UNESCO
2APEC
3WHO
4RNA
5fossil fuels
6 escalift
7nanotechnology
8aspirin
9 electromagnetism
10 aircraft missile
11 ampere
12 barothermograph
13 U – shaped magnet
14functional equivalence
15 idiom principle
16 直译
17 化学疗法
18 基因工程
19 疲劳强度
20 二氧化碳
21干细胞
22银河系
23载人飞船
24人工智能
25转基因食品
26航天飞机
27热力学
28归化法
29 垃圾邮件
30 联合国粮食及农业组织
II Directions： Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively. If the source text is in English， its target language is Chinese. If the source text is in Chinese， its target language is English.（120’）
Source Text 1：
What makes a robot a robot and not just another kind of automatic machine？ Robots differ from automatic machines in that after completion of one specific task， they can be reprogrammed by a computer to do another one. As an example， a robot doing spot welding one month can be reprogrammed and switched to spray painting the next. Automatic machines， on the other hand， are less versatile. They are built to perform only one task. Robots are more flexible and adaptable and usually more transportable than other machines. Future robots will see， touch and think.
The next generation of robots will be able to see objects， will have a sense of touch， and will make critical decisions. Engineers skilled in microelectronics and computer technology are developing artificial vision for robots. With the ability to “ see”， robots can identify and inspect one specific class of objects out of a stack of different kinds of materials. One robot vision system uses electronic digital cameras containing many rows of light-sensitive materials. When light form an object such as a machine part strikes the camera， the sensitive materials measure the intensity of light and convert the light rays into a range of numbers. The numbers are part of a gray-scale system in which brightness is measured in a range of values. One scale ranges from 0 to 15， and another from 0 to 255. The 0 is represented by black. The highest number is white. The numbers in between represent shades of gray. The computer then makes the calculations， and converts the numbers into a picture that shows an image of the object in question. It is not yet known whether robots will one day have vision as good as human vision. Technicians believe they will， but only after years of development. （311words）
【Key Words】
spot welding 点焊 spray painting 喷漆 gray-scale system灰度成像
Source Text 2：
食物如果保存不当很快会腐烂。温度和潮气都会助长微生物的繁殖，阳光会破坏牛奶一类食物的维生素成分。所以，大多数食物应该保存在既凉爽、黑暗和干燥又干净、通风良好的地方。
腐烂变质很快的食物，如肉类、蛋类和奶类，应该在5°C-10°C范围内保存。因为在此温度范围内，微生物的活动大大减少。在气候温暖的情况下，只有在冰箱或房屋的地下室才能保持这个温度。在英国，一年至少有6个月时间，在朝北或朝东没有暖气的房间里，这个温度范围可以保持。在通风良好的条件下，这样的房间适合冬季保存食物。（233 words）
【关键词】
微生物microorganism
参考用书：
1 科技英语翻译技巧与实践主编谢小苑国防工业出版社2008年
2 非文学翻译理论与实践 李长栓编著中国对外翻译出版公司 2004年
《英语翻译基础》样题参考答案
I Directions： Translate the following words， abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test， 15 in English and 15 in Chinese， with one point for each.（30’）
1联合国教科文组织
2亚洲太平洋经济合作组织
3世界卫生组织
4核糖核酸
5化石燃料
6自动电梯
7纳米技术
8阿司匹林
9 电磁学
10 飞机导弹
11安培
12气压温度记录器
13 马蹄形磁铁
14功能对等
15成语优先原则
16 literal translation
17 chemotherapy
18 genetic engineering
19 fatigue strength
20 carbon dioxide
21 stem cell
22 Milky Way
23 manned spaceship
24 artificial intelligence
25 GM foods
26 space shuttle
27 thermodynamics
28 adaptive method
29 spam
30 FAO （Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations）
II Directions： Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively. If the source text is in English， its target language is Chinese. If the source text is in Chinese， its target language is English.（120’）
英译汉：
为什么人们称机器人是“机器人” 而不是“自动化机器”？机器人与自动化机器的区别在于：首先，在完成某一任务后，电脑可以给机器人重新编程来执行另一任务。例如， 这个月做点焊的机器人下个月可以被编程去做喷漆；而固定程序的自动机器却没有多种功能，一般某一自动机器只能完成一种功能。此外，机器人与自动化机器的区别还在于机器人动作更灵活、适应能力更强、运输更方便。此外，机器人与自动化机器的区别还在于：未来机器人将具有视觉、触觉甚至思维能力。
未来机器人具有视觉、触觉和决策的能力。工作在微电子学和计算机科学领域中的工程技术人员正在开发机器人的人工视觉系统。拥有视觉的机器人能够从一堆形态各异的物体中识别出某类物体。下面我们来了解一下机器人视觉系统的成像原理：一种机器人视觉系统用的是含有多排光敏材料的数字电子摄像机，当光通过一个物体（如机器零件）投射到摄像机上时，这些光敏材料能测量光束的不同强度然后将其换算为一列数字。这列数字在灰度图像上能找到对应的灰度。灰度是用数值表示亮度的图像描述方法，有的数值范围为0一15，还有的数值范围为0一255。在灰度图像上黑色代表0，白色代表最大灰度值，中间的数字则代表不同的灰色程度。机器人内部的计算机对光敏材料换算出来的数字列进行计算，然后再利用计算出的结果绘出该物体的图像。尽管将来计算机会不会具有像人一样优秀的视力还不得而知，但工程技术人员认为这只不过是时间的问题。
汉译英：
Food quickly spoils and decomposes if it is not stored correctly. Heat and moisture encourage the multiplication of microorganisms， and sunlight can destroy the vitamins in such foods as milk. Therefore， most foods should be stored in a cool， dark， dry place which is also clean and well ventilated.
Foods what decompose quickly， such as meat， eggs， and milk should be stored in a temperature of 5°C-10°C. In this temperature range， the activity of microorganisms is considerably reduced. In warm climates， this temperature can be maintained only in a refrigerator or in the underground basement of a house. In Britain， for six months of the year at least， this temperature range will be maintained in an unheated room that faces the north or the east. Such a room will be ideal for food storage during the winter months provided that it is well ventilated.
翻译硕士《汉语写作与百科知识》样题及答案
请简要解释以下段落中划线部分的知识点
1. 这次股市波动在全球都有一定的关联影响，这说明全球化在逐步进展。过去中国认为自己的市场是一个相对比较小型的市场，也是一个正在建设中的、比较幼年的市场，或者说是在转轨经济中逐步发展的新兴市场。由于全球经济一体化的进展，股市波动相互之间关联密切，这也说明中国的市场还需要加速发展，我们要进一步提高直接融资的比重，进一步把资本市场建设得更好、更快、更加国际化。关于流动性过剩问题。流动性偏多是全球的现象，中国也存在流动性偏多的问题。美国财政赤字那么大，它那儿的流动性也很丰富，产油国资金也很丰富。因此，资金面上的宽松是全球一体化之下相互影响的现象。宏观调控当局都应该重视这个问题，做好自己的工作，对于过剩的流动性应该采取稳健的、适当收缩的政策。
2. 端午原是个防病防灾的日子，却因大诗人屈原增添了纪念层面的意义，增添了爱国情怀和报国无门的悲情、齐心协力救助生命的悲壮；因了陶渊明酷爱重阳，因了他酷爱的菊的勾连，重阳节衍生了“颂陶”的文化意蕴，歌颂他“人淡如菊”的精神境界，“重阳无酒”也成了知识分子安贫乐道的形象写真。
3. 1994年起，比尔•盖茨开始了他的收藏爱好。作为拥有600亿美元财富的收藏者，盖茨想买什么就可以买什么，而他购买艺术品似乎也完全凭个人的兴趣，没有明确的学术或商业性目标。还有很多不知名的微软富翁也有收藏艺术品的爱好，这些微软人囊中的巨额财富和近乎疯狂的收藏行为对美国艺术市场产生巨大的推动作用，证明了微软公司在文化市场中有多重要。一个软件公司创造的巨额财富使大量重要艺术作品流向微软人手中，流向西雅图。
4. 2009年3月的全国“两会”上，吴邦国提出，今年要着力加强社会领域立法，继续完善经济、政治、文化领域立法。社会领域的公平正义，变化并没有那么快，我们只需要翻找出过去的研究和报道，就可以看到今天的问题所在。例如，上文提到的新华社2006年那篇文章中，对社会领域立法促进公平正义列举了五个方面：一是保障公民权利，尊重和保障人权；二是发展社会事业，提高公共服务的能力和水平；三是健全社会保障，发展慈善事业；四是规范社会组织，使各类具有公益或互益性质的社会组织，纳入规范化、法制化管理的轨道；五是重视社会管理，包括加强公共安全、应对突发事件等。社会领域立法以促进公平正义，也许更加直接地体现了孟德斯鸠在《法的精神》中强调的重点：限权。也就是保障私权利，限制公权力。从新华社列举的五项内容可以看出，每前进一步的关键都是公私权界。显然，在这方面还有相当漫长的路要走。
第二部分应用文写作 （40’）
根据下面的文字说明写一篇450字左右的应用文，要求包含标题、正文、结尾语、落款等几个要素。
中国×进出口商会于×月×日至×月×日派人去××，了解了××汽车索赔案的谈判结果。根据中国××办公室和对外经济贸易部××司的指示，现要给其上级部门即中国××办公室的答复报告《关于××汽车索赔案谈判结果的报告》，要求介绍谈判过程及结果，并指出产生“索赔案”的原因等。请以中国×进出口商会的名义起草一份兼具情况性和答复性的报告，注意要写标题、发文字号、主送机关正文、结尾语、落款等公文要素。
第三部分现代汉语写作（60’）
根据下面的文字要求写一篇现代文，题材不限（诗歌、戏剧除外）。
生活当中，有许多事情当你亲临其境之后，往往思想受到启迪，身心感到愉悦。偶然忆起，就如品香茗，又如含青榄，清香久远，令人难忘??
请以“值得品味”为题，写一篇不少于800字的文章。
第一部分：百科知识（50’）
全球化：全球化是使产品或服务进入全球市场而进行的有关的商务活动，包括正确的国际化设计，本地化集成，以及在全球市场进行的市场推广、销售和支持的全部过程。企业通过全球化实现其全球化发展战略，实现全球化业务，扩大市场规模，降低服务成本，提升综合竞争力，展现企业发展实力，增强用户信心，树立市场形象。
新兴市场：新兴市场指的是发展中国家的股票市场。按照国际金融公司的权威定义。只要一个国家或地区的人均国民生产总值（GNP）没有达到世界银行划定的高收入国家水平，那么这个国家或地区的股市就是新兴市场。有的国家，尽管经济发展水平和人均GNP水平已 进入高收入国家的行列，但由于其股市发展滞后，市场机制不成熟，仍被认为是新兴市场。
直接融资：直接融资是指拥有暂时闲置资金的单位（包括企业、机构和个人）与资金短缺需要补充资金的单位，相互之间直接进行协议，或者在金融市场上前者购买后者发行的有价证券，将货币资金提供给所需要补充资金的单位使用，从而完成资金融通的过程。
流动性过剩：简单地说，流动性过剩就是货币当局货币发行过多，货币量增长过快，银行机构资金来源充沛，居民储蓄增加迅速。在宏观经济上，它表现为货币增长率超过GDP增长率；就银行系统而言，则表现为存款增速大大快于贷款增速。
财政赤字：财政就是一国政府的收支状况。一国政府在每一财政年度开始之初，总会制定一个当年的财政预算方案，若实际执行结果收入大于支出，为财政赢余；支出大于收入，为财政赤字。
宏观调控：宏观调控是国家为了保持国民经济持续、稳定、健康、迅速地发展，促进经济结构的优化，引导推动社会全面进步而采取的经济措施。国家能够实行强有力的宏观调控。国家采取宏观调控的手段通常有：（1）法律手段与经济政策，如：调整税率，金融、财政补贴等；（2）计划指导，如：国家大的投资规划，或在某些行业和领域实行配额制度；（3）行政手段，如：利用工商、商检、卫生检疫、海关等部门禁止或限制某 些商品的生产与流通。
端午：阴历每年的五月初五是端午节。端午节又称“重午节”、“端阳节”、“五月节”、“天中节”、“天长节”、“地腊节”、“五毒日”、“娃娃节”、“女儿节”等。端午节是我国民间三大饮食节之一。在端午节这天，人们以吃粽子表示庆祝。
屈原：屈原（约公元前304-公元前278），战国末期楚国人，杰出的政治家和爱国诗人。名平，字原，丹阳（今湖北秭归）人。屈原的代表作包括《离骚》、《天问》、《九歌》、《九章》、《招魂》等。屈原是中国文学史上第一位伟大的爱国诗人，他的作品开创了我国诗歌的浪漫主义传统。他的崇高精神和人格千百年来感召和哺育着无数中华儿女，人民永远景仰他，热爱他。中国民间于每年农历的5月5日端午节包粽子、赛龙舟的习俗就是源于对 他的纪念。
陶渊明：陶源明（365-427），字元亮，别号五柳先生，晚年更名潜，卒后亲友私谥靖节。东晋浔阳柴桑（今九江市）人。陶渊明是汉魏南北朝800年间最杰出的诗人之一。陶诗今存125首，多为五言诗。从内容上可分为饮酒诗、咏怀诗和田园诗三大类。陶渊明的作品感情真挚、朴素自然，有时流露出逃避现实、乐天知命的老庄思想，有“田园诗人”之称。
重阳节：农历九月九日为传统的重阳节。因为《易经》中把“六”定为阴数，把“九”定为阳数，九月九日，日月并阳，两九相重，故而叫重阳，也叫重九，古人认为是个值得庆贺的吉利日子，并且从很早就开始过此节日。庆祝重阳节的活动多彩浪漫，一般包括出游赏景、登高远眺、观赏菊花、遍插茱萸、吃重阳糕、饮菊花酒等活动。今天的重阳节，被赋予了新的含义。1989年，我国把每年农历的九月九日定为老人节，传统与现代巧妙地结合，成为尊老、敬老、爱老、助老的老年人的节日。
比尔•盖茨：威廉•（比尔）H. 盖茨是全球个人计算机软件的领先供应商——微软公司的创始人、前任董事长和首席执行官。盖茨出生于1955年，曾从哈佛大学辍学创办微软公司。目前，盖茨已从微软公司引退，专注于比尔及梅琳达•盖茨基金会的慈善事业。
微软：微软（Microsoft）公司由比尔•盖茨与保罗•艾伦创建于1975年，是世界PC机 （Personal Computer，个人计算机）软件开发的先导，目前是全球最大的电脑软件提供商，其主要产品为Windows操作系统、Internet Explorer网页浏览器及Microsoft Office办公软件套件。
文化市场：是指按价值规律进行文化艺术产品交换，和提供有偿文化服务活动的场所。是文化艺术产品生产和消费的中介。它必须具备三个条件：一是要有能供人们消费并用于交换的劳动产品和活动；二是要有组织这种活动的经营者和需求者；三是要有适宜的交换条件。
西雅图：西雅图位于美国本土48个州中最西北角的华盛顿州，是美国西北部重要城市和海港。西雅图已有 150年的发展历史，一直以来都给人以浪漫多情的印象，好莱坞电影《西雅图夜未眠》（Sleepless in Seattle）之后尤其如此。 西雅图的地标是为1962年在此举行的世界博览会而设计的太空针塔。西雅图拥有领先的经济群体，其中微软是世界上最大的私人计算机软件公司，世界最大的飞机制造厂家波音公司是该地区最大的雇主。
“两会”：“两会”是“全国人民代表大会”和“中国人民政治协商会议”的简称。每年3月份“两会”先后 召开全体会议一次，每五年称为一届，每年会议称X届X次会议。“两会”召开的意义在于：将“两会”代表从人民中得来的信息和要求进行收集及整理，传达给党中央。“两会”的代表委员们代表着广大选民的利益，他们代表选民在召开两会期间向政府有关部门提出选民们自己的意见和要求。地方每年召开的人大和政协也称为“两会”，通常召开的时间比全国“两会”时间要早。
吴邦国：男，汉族，1941年生，安徽肥东人，清华大学无线电电子学系毕业，大学学历，工程师。现任中共中央政治局常委，十一届全国人大常委会委员长、党组书记。
新华社：新华社全称为新华通讯社，是中华人民共和国的国家通讯社，是中国最大的新闻信息采集和发布中心。新华社前身是“红色中华通讯社”，创建于1931年11月，1937年改现名。新华社总社设在中国首都北京，全社的新闻采集和处理系统由总社、国内分社、国外分社三部分组成。
法制化：法制化就是把法律规制的应用制度化、程序化，将这些行为纳入到法律规制的范畴，由相应的制度对其进行规定、制约，这既利于行为的规范化、程序化，提高效率，也利于对其进行监督与约束，更利于保障人民的合法权利。
孟德斯鸠：孟德斯鸠（1689-1755），法国伟大的启蒙思想家、法学家。孟德斯鸠不仅是18世纪法国启蒙时代的著名思想家，也是近代欧洲国家比较早的系统研究古代东方社会与法律文化的学者之一。他的著述虽然不多，但其影响却相当广泛，尤其是《论法的精神》这部集大成的著作，奠定了近代西方政治与法律理论发展的基础，也在很大程度上影响了欧洲人对东方政治与法律文化的看法。其他作品包括《波斯人信札》，1734年发表的《罗马盛衰原因论》。
公私权界：公共领域和私人领域的划分是处理国家和公民关系的核心问题之一。公共领域归公共领域，私人领域归私人领域，前者通行民主规则，后者通行自由规则，这个权界是一定要分清的。从社会学的角度上说，现实中任何一个社会人都在从事着几种角色扮演，譬如在一定的社会情景里医生有时也是病人，记者有时也是受访者。因此这种角色扮演必须分得清楚，否则就会出现悖论与逻辑混乱。在官员这个群体身上这种划分必须体现得更加清楚。公权只能公用而不能私用，其前提是对官员身份边界及其背后的权力边界的清楚定义。
第二部分：应用文写作（40’）
这类报告内容要有针对性，不能答非所问。因此，主体部分即报告事项部分依来文要求作答即可。结尾用“专此报告”或“以上报告，请审阅”之类的习惯语收尾。
中国××进出口商会
关于××汽车索赔案谈判结果的报告
××字〔200-〕×号
中国××××办公室：
根据你办和商务部××司的指示，我会于×月×日至×月×日派人去××，了解了××汽车索赔案的谈判结果，现将有关情况报告如下：
××进出口公司和××进出口总公司自去年以来订购了××型载重卡车×辆，其中，××公司×辆，××公司×辆。至八月底已到货×辆。经使用，出现车架大裂纹、铆钉松动、轮胎早期磨损、挡风玻璃爆裂、木梁裂纹等严重质量问题。××公司、××公司当即组织了用户和技术人员赴×××、××、 ×××、××、××等省进行调查，经检验质量问题主要是由于×方产品设计和制造上的缺陷造成的。两公司为此对××公司提出索赔。为使谈判成功，两公司共同 组成联合谈判小组，和用户统一对外索赔。同时我报社转载了《国际商报》报道××质量问题的文章，给××公司造成了巨大压力，迫使他们改变了最初不认账和企图敷衍了事的态度，于×月×日派了以常务董事为首的代表团来京谈判。由于两公司准备充分，我方专家从技术上提出了有力的论证，经过半个月的谈判，使×方承认是设计和产品制造质量问题，同意全部退货，更换“重新设计试验、精工细作、制造优良的”新车，并向我支付×日元（占全部车价的×分之一）的经济损失赔偿金。××公司于×月×日在赔偿确认书上签字。
今年以来，我国从××和××进口的商品不断出现质量问题，主要原因是这些商人无视商业信誉，以次充好，以假充真。如××电器株式会社向 ××出口的电位器生产线质量低劣，××、××进口的家用电器也有不少假货、次货。就我方来讲，由于近两年来，家用电器进口数量大，交货期短，除中央专项进口外，各地方也竞相进口，地方单位大多不重视进口商品检验也使外商产生重数量、轻质量的侥幸心理，大量委托外加工粗制滥造。为避免国家损失，建议国家制订《进口汽车管理办法》，并要求各部门、各地方切实执行。
以上报告如无不妥，请转报商务部。
（公章）
×年×月×日
第三部分：现代汉语写作（60’）
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