2014考研英语：完型模拟题（四）
英国的饮食与健康
A recent parliamentary report blames the government and the food industry for the growth in obesity． The Department of Transport is blamed for not doing enough to__1__facilities for pedestrians and cyclists while__2__ to pressure from motoring organizations representing car users． The Ministry of Education is__3__of selling off school playing fields and not doing enough to__4__adequate facilities for physical education and games． Young people in Britain have become crazy about football（soccer and rugby），but too often as__5__“couch potatoes”。
The food industry is blamed for promoting junk food to school children and not doing enough to__6__down on sugar，fats and salt in prepared foods． The industry，__7__by the current popularity of the Atkins low－carbohydrate diet，has begun to __8__，but it is trying to protect a huge market and will need to do__9__more if it is to__10__off increased regulation．
Japan seems less__11__so far by the problem of obesity，__12__ as the Japanese diet becomes increasingly__13__（burgers and doughnuts）the problem will grow． __14__，Japanese cuisine has become highly popular in Britain． It is seen as healthy in a different way from the Mediterranean diet__15__its emphasis on tomatoes and olive oil combined with red wine．
A fairly small amount of red wine is now__16__as beneficial to the heart，__17__its other encouraging properties． But Britain has to do more to__18__the problems of alcoholism__19__with the binge－drinking culture—including violence and vandalism． Limited consumption of alcohol，as long as it is not__20__with driving，is harmless and possibly beneficial．
1． [A] stimulate [B] commend [C] promote [D] elevate
2． [A] submitting [B] subjecting [C] subordinating [D] surrendering
3． [A] charged [B] denounced [C] scolded [D] accused
4． [A] assure [B] ensure [C] secure [D] guard
5． [A] speculating [B] spectating [C] specializing [D] sightseeing
6． [A] fall [B] get [C] cut [D] bring
7． [A] stung [B] bitten [C] chewed [D] licked
8． [A] retort [B] refute [C] respond [D] resolve
9． [A] abundantly [B] considerably [C] extensively [D] principally
10． [A] defend [B] beat [C] hold [D] ward
11． [A] upset [B] affected [C] effected [D] impressed
12． [A] or [B] for [C] but [D] if
13． [A] popularized [B] globalized [C] westernized [D] localized
14． [A] Accordingly[B] Interestingly [C] Surprisingly [D] Strikingly
15． [A] as [B] on [C] but [D] with
16． [A] accepted [B] approved [C] assumed [D] acknowledged
17． [A] but for [B] let alone [C] regardless of [D] much less
18． [A] cope [B] challenge [C] tackle [D] undertake
19． [A] matched [B] related [C] united [D] associated
20． [A] bonded [B] combined [C] merged [D] incorporated
答案
1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．D
11．B 12．C 13．C 14．B 15．D 16．A 17． B 18．C 19．D 20．B
总体分析
本文主要介绍了英国饮食存在的问题。第一至二段指出，英国政府和食品工业被指责导致肥胖患者的增多。第三段指出，一方面日本饮食因日益西化，肥胖问题变得严重；另一方面，日本饮食在英国很流行，被视为健康饮食。第四段指出适度饮酒对身体有益，但英国要应付的是与过度引酒相关的问题。
全文翻译
一份最近的议会报告指责政府和食品工业导致肥胖患者增多。交通部门被指责在促进步行和骑车设施的发展方面做得不够，而且屈从于代表汽车使用者的机动车组织的压力。教育部被指责出卖学校的操场，在保证提供用于体育教学和游戏的充足设施方面做得不够。英国的年轻人为足球和橄榄球而疯狂，但更多的只是坐在家里看电视的“沙发土豆”。
食品工业被指控向学生兜售垃圾食品，在减少熟食中糖、脂肪和盐含量方面做得不够。受到目前艾特金斯低碳水化合物饮食潮流的刺激，食品工业已经有所反应，但是它要努力保护一个庞大的市场，而且如果要避开日益增多的规定，它需要做的事情还很多。
迄今为止，日本看上去受肥胖问题的影响较小，但是随着日本人食谱的日益西化（夹饼和油炸圈饼），问题会变得严重。有趣的是，日式烹饪在英国很流行。它被看作是有别于地中海饮食的另一种健康饮食，后者着重于西红柿和橄榄油以及与之相结合的红酒。
稍饮红酒现在被认为有利于心脏，更不用说红酒其它令人振奋的品性。但是英国人还需要做许多事情来解决与狂饮文化有关的酗酒问题——包括暴力和破坏行为。有节制的酒类消费，只要不和驾驶行为搭伴，就是无害的并可能是有益的。
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