2014年考研英语：阅读基础训练题（四）
2014年考研英语：阅读基础训练题（四）
Text 4
Researchers are finding that boys and girls really are from two different planets. Experts say boys and girls have different "crisis points"， stages in their emotional and social development where things can go very wrong. Until recently， girls got all the attention. But boys are much more likely than girls to have discipline problems at school and to be diagnosed with Attention Deficit Disorder （ADD）. Boys far outnumber girls in special-education classes. They're also more likely to commit violent crimes and end up in jail.
Even normal boy behavior has come to be considered pathological（病态的）in the wake of the feminist movement. An abundance of physical energy and the urge to conquer-these are normal male characteristics， and in an earlier age they were good things， even essential to survival. "If Huck Finn or Tom Sawyer were alive today，" says Michael Gurian， author of The Wonder of Boys， "we'd say they had ADD." He says one of the new insights we're gaining about boys is a very old one： boys will be boys. "They are who they are，" says Gurian， "and we need to love them for who they are. Let's not try to rewire them."
But what exactly is the essential nature of boys? Even as infants， boys and girls behave differently. A recent study at Children's Hospital in Boston found that boy babies are more emotionally expressive； girls are more reflective. （That means boy babies tend to cry when they're unhappy； girl babies suck their thumbs.） This could indicate that girls are innately more able to control their emotions. Boys have higher levels of testosterone and lower levels of neurotransmitter serotonin（神经传递素）， which inhabits aggression（睾丸激素） and impulsivity. That may help explain why more males than females carry through with suicide or become alcoholics.
There's a struggle between a desire and need for warmth on the one hand and a pull toward independence on the other. Boys are going through what psychologists long ago declared an integral part of growing up： individualization and disconnection from parents， especially mothers. But now some researchers think that process is too abrupt. When boys repress normal feelings like love because of social pressure， says William Pollack， head of the Center for Men at Boston's McLean Hospital， "they've lost contact with the genuine nature of whom they are and what they feel. Boys are in a silent crisis. The only time we notice it is when they pull the trigger."
36. Which of the following is NOT true according to the first paragraph?
[A] Boys and girls are different.
[B] Boys need more attention than girls.
[C] Girls almost need no help from society.
[D] Boys are more difficult to educate than girls.
37. What can be inferred about Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn （Line 4， Para. 2）?
[A] They were more like today's girls than boys.
[B] They suffered Attention Deficit Disorder but were not diagnosed.
[C] They were energetic and conquering.
[D] They had more problems than today's boys.
38. The word "rewire" （Line 7， Para. 2） could best be replaced by .
[A] restore to a former condition [B] recognize the worth of
[C] change the nature of [D] address the problems of
39. Which aspect of the boy瞘irl differences does Para. 3 discuss?
[A] Physiological. [B] Psychological. [C] Cultural. [D] Intellectual.
40. It is implied in the passage that .
[A] society approves of boys who have tender feelings
[B] society expects boys to be independent
[C] boys take more time to grow up than girls
[D] boys and girls can never receive similar treatment
Text 4
文章概要：本文通过介绍男女孩子在生理和行为上的差异，作者说明男孩子更难控制情感，更容易成为问题孩子，更容易走上犯罪道路。作者最后指出，男孩子在成长过程中一方面渴望和需要温暖，另一方面又急于成为独立的个体。
36. [答案] C作者在文章的第一段里指出：男孩子和女孩子不一样，在学校里男孩子比女孩子更可能有纪律问题，在特殊教育的班上男孩子的人数要超过女孩子，男孩子也更有可能犯暴力罪而进监狱。A、B、D三个选项内容文章都提及了，就是没说到C"女孩子几乎不需要社会的帮助"。故C正确。
37. [答案] C答案的依据在第二段第二句里："充沛的精力和想征服的强烈欲望--这些都是正常的男性特征，而且在早期被看作是好事情，甚至是生存的要素。"由此可判断C正确。
38. [答案] C词意理解题。作者在第二段里引用了Gurian的话："男孩子就是男孩子，我们需要爱他们就因为是他们。我们不要试图去改变他们。"由此可判断C正确。
39. [答案] A作者在第三段里讨论了男女孩子在婴儿期的情况，指出女孩子比男孩子更能控制情感，因为男孩子睾丸激素高，而神经传递素却低。由此可知第三段讨论的是男女孩子生理上的问题，故A正确。
40. [答案] B作者在最后一段一开始就指出，男孩子的成长充满着挣扎，一方面渴望和需要温暖，另一方面被拉向独立。换句话说，社会期待男孩子独立。因此B正确。
最新评论（共0条）评论一句
Copyright©2007–2021 www.100xuexi.com All rights reserved 圣才学习网 版权所有
全国热线：400-900-8858（09:00-22:00），18001260133（09:00-22:00）
增值电信业务经营许可证 出版物经营许可证 网络文化经营许可证 广播电视节目制作经营许可证
