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2014年考研英语:完型填空模拟题(六)答案解析

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Text 6答案
 
  1【答案】A include
 
  【解析】本题测试词义搭配.include(= bring in as a part of the whole包括,包含:1 The book includes two chapters on grammar 2 The plan includes most of your suggestions 3 Our delegation included two interpreters(我们的代表团里包括2位翻译)involve 虽然也有“包含”的意思,但其后所接的名词大多数是非实体性名词,所以involve 的确切含义是“(=have s a necessary consequence)必然包括某种结果,牵涉到”,例如:The war involved a great increase in the national debt.(战争必然使国家负债骤增。)根据上下文的意思来看,此处指“昆虫中有某些人类最大的天敌”,句中enemies是实体名词,故此体应选include cover 也有“包括”之意,但主要是指“谈到,涉及到”,例如:1 The discussion covered a wide range of subjects(这次讨论涉及到范围广阔的议题。) 2His studies covered a wide field.(他的研究涉及到很大的领域) cover 作“包括,包含”解时一般不结具体的事物或动物名词。consist 后接of,意为“由…..组成”。可见,本题答案非A 莫属。
 
  2【答案】C it
 
  【解析】本题测试结构搭配.it 是形式宾语,其实际宾语是for us to live in the world
 
  3【答案】B for
 
  【解析】本题测试结构搭配. were it not for sth是虚拟条件句,意为“要不是….,要是没有….的话”。
 
  4【答案】C owe
 
  【解析】本题测结构型词义搭配. owe…..to…把…..归功于….: He owed his success o luck more than to capacity contribute to 有助于,促进,加剧:Cars contribute to air pollution(汽车加剧了空气污染);devote sth to 奉献,致力于;dedicate to 奉献;均不符合题意。
 
  5【答案】B put
 
  【解析】本题测试词义搭配.put together 加在一起。put together 在句中是过去分词短语作定语,修饰前面的all of them
 
  6【答案】A number
 
  【解析】本题测试词义搭配. insect 是可数名词。此处是指昆虫的“数目”,故应选number An (或 the amount of +不可数名词(单数),故不能入选。plenty of +可数名词(复数)或不可数名词(单数),意为“很多,大量的”,用于肯定句中,例如:1 There was plenty of work for girls of her age 2 There are plenty of men out of work(许多失业男子)proportion 比例。
 
  7【答案】B Moreover
 
  【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配.moreover 意为“此外,而且”,正合题意。
 
  8【答案】D harm
 
  【解析】本题测试词义搭配. do harm to …对某人有害,正合题意。do damage to sth对….造成损害,与题意不符。do good to sb/sth对…有好处,与题意相悖。doruin不搭配,通常说cause ruin bring about ruin lead to ruin
 
  9【答案】A as
 
  【解析】本题测试结构搭配.as 引导非限定性定语从句,例如:As you know China is a country with a large population(正如你所知道的,中国是一个人口众多的国家)
 
  10【答案】C nor
 
  【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配. not as 翻译时否定要转移到as 上。
 
  本句译文:蜘蛛不像许多人想的那样是昆虫,它们甚至与昆虫几乎无关。nor引导的是延续否定句,其中省略了主语与系动词。如果把主语与系动词补上,则应为:…nor are spiders even nearly related to them not nearly 意为“全然不”,此句中的not的否定意义由nor来体现。此外,有些语法学家认为,此类句子中nor连接的是两个并列成分,例如:For ten days I did not see him nor telephone him
 
  so引导延续肯定句,例如:She was right and so were you at least to an extent(她是对的,你至少在某种程度上也是对的。)根据上下文意思,此句时表示延续否定,因此不能用,so。至于either,虽然也可以用在延续否定句中,但词序不对,例如:1 I cant dance either 2 China will not be a superpower not either or even in the future(中国不做超级大国,现在不做,以后也不做。)
 
  none pron.作代词:1 None of them spoke English except Tallit 2)”How many fish did you catch?None 3 We none of us said anything(作同位语) 4She had none of her brothers beauty.(她一点也不像他兄弟的美貌。)5 none but Johnson could have done such a thing.(只有约翰有可能作出这样的事来。) 6 The stranger was none other than my old friend(这位陌生人不是别人,正是我的老朋友。)
 
  none adv作副词:1 She spent two weeks in hospital but she is none the better for it(她住院两个星期,但他并不因此而好一些。) 2 None the less it is one of the most powerful weapons the workers possess(尽管如此,这仍然是工人手中最有力的武器之一。)3 I am afraid he is none too clever .(恐怕他不太聪明。)根据题意,本题不能选none.但上述有关none的用法,例句考生务必倍加注意,因为none是常用词,所以它是重要的测试内容。例如:1984年试题I 26 The man over there is ____our principal A no other but B no other than C no one than D none other than (应选D none other than
 
  11【答案】B difference
 
  【解析】本题测试逻辑型词义搭配.根据上下文意思可以看出,此处是讲蜘蛛与昆虫的区别,故应选 Bdifference.考生在做类似试题时,一定要注意上下文的连贯意思。
 
  12【答案】C for
 
  【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配.此句中for引导表示附加说明的原因分句。按传统语法分类,for在此引导的分句是并列句而不是从句。按惯用发,在for前必须有逗号。
 
  13【答案】D involved
 
  【解析】本题测试结构型词义搭配.participatein)参与;joinin)参加;但本句谓语是被动语态,故上述两词均不能入选。be involved in 参与,参加;如填入句中不但在此以上,而且在结构上均符合题意,故答案非D莫属。
 
  14【答案】D behalf
 
  【解析】本题测试词惯用搭配.on ones behalf or on behalf(=for in the interestsof on account of代表,为了….的缘故:1 I am writing on behalf of my mother to express her thanks for your gift 2 I felt guilty on you behalf(我为你感到内疚。) in honor of or in ones honor 为了(纪念或表示敬意而举行某活动):We gave the dinner party in his honor (我们为他举办晚餐会。) for the sake of 为了…..起见。on ones good/bad side(搞好/关系):John thought that he would get a good grade if he got on the good side of the teacher.(约翰想,如他和老师搞好关系,他会得到高分。)此外,on the side 额外的,作为兼职的:He makes a little money on the side by doing housekeeping work for Mrs Johnson(他替约翰太太做家务额外挣一点钱。)
 
  15【答案】A on
 
  【解析】on 表示“关于(某一问题);对,就(某一点)”,例如:We had many quarrels on politics and religion 2 You are an authority on clothes 3 He is absorbed in his work on bacteria in 表示“在…方面”,例如:a specialist in history 历史学方面的专家。
 
  16【答案】A census
 
  【解析】本题测试词义搭配.本题测试考生辨析形似异意词的能力。census 调查;consensus 一致看法。(意见等)一致;conscience 良心;consciousness 意识,觉悟,自觉。
 
  17【答案】B something
 
  【解析】本题测试惯用搭配.something like(=approximately)大约。
 
  18【答案】C impossible
 
  【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配.按上下文逻辑意思来看,应选impossible,句中more than 修饰the widest,说明其程度,如:I m more than content with what you have just said (我对你刚才所说的极其满意。)
 
  19【答案】D wildest
 
  【解析】本题测试词义搭配. wild 在此处的含义是“不精确的,大致的,(没有证据的)大胆的”。本句译文:不可能做出极其大胆的猜测:蜘蛛杀灭多少害虫,但是蜘蛛是胃口极大的动物。它们肯定不会满足一天只吃三顿。
 
  20【答案】D content
 
  【解析】本题测试逻辑型词义搭配.从逻辑意思和语义上分析,content正合题意。上面谈到“蜘蛛是食量很大的动物”,可见“蜘蛛是不会满足于一天三顿的”。be content with 满足于:My father had to be content with this small success
 
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