2017年考研的小伙伴们，大家在巩固基础的同时不要忘记多抽时间训练自己的阅读能力，阅读不是一朝一夕就可以提高的，长久的积累才可以达到从量到质的巨变，因此，圣才考研网在次给大家提供一篇关于社会生活类阅读的实训题，希望大家能够认真仔细的做题。
Passage 6
In a disaster such as an earthquake or terrorist attack, nearly two-thirds of U.S.parents would disregard orders to evacuate and would rush to pick up their kids from school, according to a new survey. The survey found that 63% of parents would ignore orders to evacuate and instead attempt to reunite with their children, possibly hindering rescue efforts by adding to traffic congestion.
The authors of the study, released Thursday on the seventh anniversary of the Sept. 11 attacks, said that despite years of government efforts to enhance disaster preparedness, schools need to do more to plan for disasters and parents need to be made aware of the plans. The report was commissioned by theNationalCenterfor Disaster Preparedness atColumbiaUniversity’s Mailman School of Public Health and the Children’s Health Fund. Among parents of school-age children, 45 percent said they do not know the location where their children would be evacuated as part of the school’s disaster plan. “There should be an outcry from parents to push their schools and their school districts to develop a plan that makes sense,” said Irwin Redlener, president of the Children’s Health Fund.
The federal Department of Homeland Security has allocated billions of dollars to help state and local governments set up disaster contingency plans. But just 44% of theU.S.residents surveyed this year said they have all or some of the basic elements of a disaster preparedness plan, including food, water, a flash- light with extra batteries and a meeting place in case of evacuation. The survey has been administered annually since 2002 by the Marist College Institute for Public Opinion. The telephone survey of 1,579 adults was conducted between July 25 and Aug. 9. The margin of error for the entire survey was 2.5% points. The margin of error for the subset of households with children was 4% points.
Parents said Thursday they were not surprised by the finding that most of them would disregard evacuation orders and pick up their children. Diana Ennen, ofMargate,Fla., is the author of The Home Office Recovery Plan: Disaster Preparedness for Your Home-Based Business and a mother of three. “As a mom, you wouldn’t be able to keep me away from picking up my children,” she said in an e-mail. “My first instinct would be to get them at all costs. I would literally run the entire distance to get them. I believe most parents would feel the same.”
(此文选自Time 2008年刊)
1. Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs?
[A] TheU.S.schools don’t want the parents know their plans for disasters.
[B] Parents should push schools to make reasonable plans for disasters.
[C] TheU.S.schools have done too little to prepare for disasters.
[D] MostU.S.parents do not know the disaster preparedness plan of their schools.
2. According to the second paragraph,
[A] schools should do more in their disaster preparedness.
[B] the government has been well prepared for disasters.
[C] parents do not care about their children enough.
[D] schools’ former plans for disasters do not make sense at all.
3. Which of the following is necessary in a disaster preparedness plan?
[A] Food, water, a telephone with extra batteries.
[B] Food, water, a flashlight with extra batteries.
[C] Food, a telephone with extra batteries and a meeting place in case of evacuation.
[D] Water, a telephone with extra batteries and a meeting place in case of evacuation.
4. This passage suggests that theU.S.parents
[A] do not respect orders.
[B] do not trust their schools.
[C] should pick up their children first in case of evacuation.
[D] will protect their children at all cost.
5. This passage mainly tells us that
[A] parents’ love for their children is great.
[B] it is dangerous for parents to reunite with their children in a disaster.
[C] we should develop reasonable plans for disasters.
[D] theU.S.government has been well prepared for disasters.
【答案解析】
1. B 细节题，可在文中找到相关线索直接进行判断。选项A“美国学校不希望家长们了解其备灾计划”，文章前两段中并未直接表明学校希望与否，只是提到家长应当知晓学校的计划，而家长可能是由于缺乏沟通不清楚学校的计划，并非学校有意不让家长们了解，因此[A]项不正确；B“家长应当促使学校制定合理的备灾计划”，正好与第二段中“There should be an outcry from parents to push their schools …to develop a plan that makes sense,”相对应，因此是正确选项；C“美国学校在备灾方面工作做得太少”，文章第二段只是说“学校应当做更多计划应灾”，并无指责其太少之意，因此可排除此选项；D“大部分美国家长都不知道其学校的备灾计划”，文中只提到根据调查45％的家长表示不知道他们孩子的撤离地点，并不代表大多数，因此也可以排除。
2. A 细节题，直接定位第二段寻找相关信息。A项表达的意思正好和第二段第一句“...schools need to do more to plan for disasters…”一致，因此为正确答案；B所表达的意思明显与首句不符,故B错；C项与文中要传达的意思正好相反，故排除此项；第二段最后一句强调家长应该强烈呼吁以推动学校和学区制定合理备灾计划，但是并未完全否定之前备灾计划的合理性，故排除D。
3. B 事实细节题。根据题干a disaster preparedness plan定位到第三段，关键句是“…the basic elements of a disaster preparedness plan, including food, water, a flash- light with extra batteries and a meeting place in case of evacuation.”，比较之后正确答案为B。
4. D 推断题。文中首段提到家长们主要是出于对子女的担心和关爱才disregard orders，而并非目无纪律，排除[A]，也并未提及家长们不信任学校，[B]也可排除；根据文中第一段的内容，C项中家长的这种冲动去接孩子的做法会造成交通堵塞影响救灾行动，因此排除此选项；D项表达的意思可以在文中多处找到线索，如第一段中的 “...would disregard orders to evacuate and would rush to pick up their kids from school”, 最后一段中的“My first instinct would be to get them at all costs…I believe most parents would feel the same.”故本题正确选项为D。
5. C 主旨题。[A]是文章所反映的一个方面，并非文章的主旨和重心；B在文中并没有线索表明他们的做法是危险的，而且该选项也不能反映文章的主旨，因此排除此选项；文章第二段提到说美国政府在备灾方面还存在很多不足之处，需要不断完善，因此D的说法是错误的；C“我们应该制定合理的备灾计划”正是文章所讲的中心。
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